淡水鳗鲡营养需求和配合饲料研究进展

Research Progress in Nutritional Requirements and Compound Feed of Freshwater Eels

鳗鲡是我国重要的养殖经济鱼类之一,2021年产量达25.53万t,约占世界鳗鲡养殖总产量的2/3,在水产品出口创汇中的地位极其重要。目前,国内外有关鳗鲡的营养需求与配合饲料研究主要集中在淡水鳗鲡,而海水鳗鲡的相关研究尚未开展。本文主要综述了淡水鳗鲡对饲料蛋白质、必需氨基酸、脂肪、必需脂肪酸、碳水化合物、维生素和矿物元素等营养素的需求、饲料蛋白质源和脂肪源替代以及功能性饲料添加剂的研究进展,旨在为淡水鳗鲡高效环保型配合饲料的研发提供参考,从而推动淡水鳗鲡养殖业的高质量发展。

Eels is one of the most important farmed fish in China,with an output of 255,300 tons in 2021,ac⁃counting for about 2/3 of the world’s total eel culture production,has an important position in aquatic product export.At present,there have been many studies on the nutritional requirements and compound feed for fresh⁃water eels,while no studies have been conducted to determine the nutritional requirements of marine eels.This paper reviewed the research progress in nutritional requirements of freshwater eels for dietary protein,essential amino acids,lipid,essential fatty acids,carbohydrate,vitamins and mineral elements,dietary protein sources and lipid sources replacement as well as functional feed additives,in order to provide reference for the research and development of efficient and environmentally⁃friendly compound feeds for freshwater eels and promote the high⁃quality development of freshwater eel culture.