复合芽孢杆菌对蛋鸡生产性能和机体健康的影响

Effects of Compound Bacillus on Performance and Body Health of Laying Hens

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加复合芽孢杆菌(解淀粉芽孢杆菌SC06和枯草芽孢杆菌10)对蛋鸡生产性能和机体健康的影响。试验选取10周龄京白1号蛋鸡180只,随机分为2组(每组6个重复,每个重复15只):对照组(CK组)饲喂基础饲粮,试验组(Bas组)饲喂添加5×10^(8)CFU/kg复合芽孢杆菌的基础饲粮。预试期1周,正试期18周。结果表明:与CK组相比,1)复合芽孢杆菌提高了蛋鸡开产以来的平均蛋重、蛋壳强度和蛋壳厚度(P<0.05),但对蛋鸡体重、各器官指数和各级卵泡数量无显著影响(P>0.05);2)复合芽孢杆菌可显著提高血清中磷和催产素的含量(P<0.05),钙含量呈上升趋势(P=0.10),并显著提高卵巢中促卵泡激素受体的基因相对表达量(P<0.05);3)复合芽孢杆菌可显著提高血清中总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)以及肝脏和卵巢组织中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性(P<0.05),显著降低卵巢中丙二醛(MDA)含量和Kelch样环氧氯丙烷相关蛋白1(KEAP1)的基因相对表达量(P<0.05);4)复合芽孢杆菌可显著降低肝脏中白细胞介素-2(IL-2)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)和卵巢中IL-2的基因相对表达量(P<0.05),同时显著提高卵巢中IL-8的基因相对表达量(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加5×10^(8)CFU/kg复合芽孢杆菌可提高血清中钙、磷和促卵泡激素含量,卵巢中激素受体基因表达水平和机体的抗炎、抗氧化能力,从而提高蛋壳品质和蛋鸡的生产效率。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary compound Bacillus(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SC06 and B.subtilis 10)on performance and body health of laying hens.A total of 18010⁃week⁃old Jingbai No.1 laying hens were randomly divided into 2 groups(6 replicates per group and 15 hens per replicate):hens in the control group(CK group)were fed a basal diet,and hens in the experimental group(Bas group)were fed the basal diet supplemented with 5×10^(8) CFU/kg compound Bacillus.The pre⁃trial period was 1 week and the experimental period was 18 weeks.The results showed as follows:compared with the CK group,1)compound Bacillus increased the average egg weight,eggshell strength and eggshell thick⁃ness(P<0.05),however,there were no significant effects on body weight,organ indexes and follicle number of laying hens(P>0.05);2)the contents of phosphorus and oxytocin in serum were significantly increased by complex Bacillus(P<0.05),calcium content was increased(P=0.10),and the relative expression level of follicle⁃stimulating hormone receptor gene in ovary was significantly increased(P<0.05);3)compound Ba⁃cillus could significantly increase the total antioxidant capacity(T⁃AOC)in serum,the activity of glutathionep⁃eroxidase(GSH⁃Px)in liver and ovarian,and significantly decrease the malondialdehyde(MDA)content and the gene expression level of Kelch like epichlorohydrin associated protein 1(KEAP1)in ovary(P<0.05),thus improving the antioxidant capacity of hens;4)compound Bacillus significantly decreased the gene expres⁃sion levels of interleukin⁃2(IL⁃2)and interleukin⁃8(IL⁃8)in liver and that of IL⁃2 in ovary(P<0.05),while increasing the gene expression level of IL⁃8 in ovary(P<0.05).In conclusion,dietary supplementation of 5×10^(8) CFU/kg compound Bacillus can increase the contents of calcium,phosphorus and follicle⁃stimulating hor⁃mone in serum,hormone receptor gene expression levels in ovary and anti⁃inflammatory and antioxidant capac⁃ity of the body,so as to improve eggshell quality and production efficiency of laying hens.