基于脉冲X射线检测核辐射探测器的性能测试

Performance Testing of Nuclear Radiation Detectors Based on Pulsed X-ray Detection

目的:利用数字X射线摄影(DR)设备模拟脉冲X射线辐射场,测试常见的四种核辐射探测器性能,选择最适宜用于脉冲X射线检测的核辐射探测器。方法:控制DR设备的曝光时间由短到长,在20 ms~1000 ms之间选取10档,保持管电压81 kV不变,管电流在10 mA档位不变,测试不同曝光时间条件下核辐射探测器的性能。结果:闪烁体探测器最适用于短时高剂量脉冲X射线检测。结论:(1)G-M计数器、高气压电离室、NaI(Tl)探测器不适合用于曝光时间在1000 ms以下的短时高剂量脉冲X射线的检测。(2)塑料闪烁体探测器在曝光时间1000 ms以下有很好的时间响应,检测结果显示160 ms周围剂量当量率即达到稳定。

Objective:Using digital X-ray photography(DR)equipment to simulate pulsed X-ray radiation fields,testing the performance of four common nuclear radiation detectors,and selecting the most suitable nuclear radiation detector for pulsed X-ray detection.Methods:Control the exposure time of DR equipment from short to long,select 10 levels between 20 ms and 1000 ms,keep the tube voltage at 81 kV and the tube current at 10 mA,and test the performance of nuclear radiation detectors under different exposure time conditions.Result:Scintillator detectors are most suitable for short-term high-dose pulse X-ray detection.Conclusion:(1)G-M counters,high-pressure ionization chambers,and NaI(Tl)detectors are not suitable for detecting short-term high-dose pulsed X-rays with exposure times below 1000 ms.(2)The plastic scintillator detector has a good time response below an exposure time of 1000 ms,and the detection results show that the dose equivalent rate around 160 ms reaches stability.