云南昭通与环渤海湾等3个产区红富士苹果品质的比较

Comparison of‘Red Fuji’apple quality between Zhaotong Yunnan and three production regions including Around Bohai Bay

以云南昭通和环渤海湾、西北黄土高原、黄河故道4个苹果产区的11个主栽县(区)的红富士苹果为试材,测定其果实品质,检测了单果重、果面颜色、果形指数、硬度、弹性、花色苷含量、可溶性固形物含量、维生素C含量、总糖含量、果糖含量、总酸含量等13个指标。通过方差分析和变异系数分析昭通与其他3个产区的红富士果实13个品质指标差异,用TOPSIS法综合评价昭通与其他3个产区红富士果实综合品质差异。结果表明:昭通与其他3个产区的红富士苹果多数品质指标差异较大,其中花色苷含量差异最大,13个品质指标中,除单果重、果形指数和维生素C含量3个品质指标外,其余10个品质指标间均存在显著性差异;4个产区红富士苹果果实品质的TOPSIS综合评分由高到低依次为昭通>西北黄土高原>黄河故道>环渤海湾。

‘Red Fuji’apples from 11 main planting counties(districts)in Around Bohai Bay,the Old Yellow River,the Loess Plateau and Zhaotong were used as test materials for quality determination.Thirteen quality indicators were detected,including single fruit weight,fruit surface color,fruit shape index,hardness,elasticity,anthocyanins,soluble solids,vitamin C,total sugar,fructose,and total acid.And through analysis of variance and coefficient of variation,the differences in 13 fruit quality indicators in different production areas were analyzed.The TOPSIS method was used to comprehensively evaluate the comprehensive quality differences of‘Red Fuji’apples in the four production areas,thus scientifically evaluating the quality performance of‘Red Fuji’apples in different production areas.The results showed that there are significant differences in most quality indicators between‘Red Fuji’apples from Zhaotong and the other three production areas,with the largest difference in anthocyanins.Among the 13 quality indicators,except for the three quality indicators of single fruit weight,fruit shape index,and vitamin C content,there were significant differences among the other 10 quality indicators.The TOPSIS comprehensive score of‘Red Fuji’apple fruit quality in the four production areas from high to low is Zhaotong>Loess Plateau>Old Yellow River>Around Bohai Bay.