不同温度下6061特厚铝板厚向拉伸性能研究

Study on tensile properties of 6061 ultra-thick aluminum plates in thickness direction at different temperatures

在20~250℃下,对厚度为212 mm的6061铝合金板进行了拉伸试验,研究了温度和厚度对6061铝合金拉伸性能的影响。研究结果表明,板材的强度沿厚度方向呈线性递减变化规律,表明其沿厚度方向存在不均匀性特征,但取样方向和温度对厚向强度的非均匀分布程度影响很小;在20~250℃下,6061铝合金拉伸性能对温度的敏感性高,在150和250℃下,抗拉强度和屈服强度与20℃下相比分别下降了18%和45%;在相同温度下,6061铝合金沿厚度方向的伸长率基本没有变化,但随着温度的增加,其伸长率有明显增大的趋势,且在150℃下,伸长率增大至20℃的80%左右。采用线性拟合方法构建了6061铝合金强度的“温度-距离”双参数评价模型。

The tensile tests of 6061 aluminum alloy plate with thickness of 212 mm were carried out at 20-250℃ to study the effects of temperature and thickness on the tensile properties of 6061 aluminum alloy.The research results show that the strength along the thickness direction of plate decreases linearly,indicating that non-uniformity characteristic exists along the thickness direction.However,the sampling direction and temperature have little effect on the non-uniform distribution degree of strength along thickness direction.At 20-250℃,the sensitivity of the tensile properties of 6061 aluminum alloy to temperature is high,at 150 and 250℃,the tensile strength and yield strength decrease by 18% and 45%,respectively,compared with those at 20℃.At the same temperature,the elongation along the thickness direction of 6061 aluminum alloy basically remains unchanged,but with the increase of temperature,there is significant increase in elongation,and at 150℃,the elongation increases to about 80% of that at 20℃.The“temperature-distance”dual-parameter evaluation model for the strength of 6061 aluminum alloy was constructed by linear fitting method.