鸡源沙门菌及其耐药性流行现状与风险评估研究进展

Research Progress on the Epidemiological Status and Risk Assessment of Salmonella of Chicken Origin and Its Drug Resistance

鸡源沙门菌及其耐药性对食品安全和公共卫生安全均具有严重威胁。通过对鸡肉供应链各环节沙门菌的流行和耐药现状以及相关风险评估研究进行综述发现:在肉鸡供应全链条中,屠宰和零售环节的沙门菌分离率显著高于养殖环节;沙门菌耐药性严重,耐药谱广,多重耐药率最高达100%;不同区域和环节的沙门菌流行率、耐药性及耐药谱有差异;鸡源沙门菌的流行风险主要与初始污染水平和交叉污染有关,屠宰过程中杀菌方法、厨房烹饪过程中的温度等也会对其产生影响。目前针对国内肉鸡源沙门菌耐药性相关风险评估的研究较少。今后需要加大从农场到餐桌全链条鸡源沙门菌的监测和风险评估研究力度,基于“同一健康”理念加强对鸡源沙门菌流行及耐药风险干预措施的评估研究。

Salmonella of chicken origin and its antimicrobial resistance have been posing a serious threat to the safety of food and public health.It was found that,based on the review of researches on the prevalence of Salmonella in all links along chicken supply chain and its antimicrobial resistance as well as relevant risk evaluation,the isolation rate of Salmonella in slaughter and retail links was significantly higher than that in breeding link;its drug resistance was serious,with a wide resistance spectrum and a multi resistance rate of up to 100%;the prevalence,drug resistance and resistance spectrum were different depending on different regions and links;and the prevalence risk of Salmonella of chicken origin was mainly related to the initial contamination level and cross contamination,and influenced by the sterilization methods during slaughter and the temperature during cooking.Considering fewer researches on risk assessment related to drug resistance of Salmonella of chicken origin in China at present,monitoring of Salmonella along the whole chain from farm to fork and researches on risk evaluation should be increased,and evaluation and researches on the prevalence of Salmonella and countermeasures for possible risk of drug resistance should be improved based on the concept of“One Health”.