不同剂量罗库溴铵对腔镜甲状腺切除术中喉返神经监测的影响

Effect of different doses of rocuronium on monitoring of recurrent laryngeal nerve during endoscopic thyroidectomy

目的探讨不同剂量罗库溴铵对腔镜甲状腺切除术中喉返神经监测的影响。方法选择2021年10月至2022年10月行经乳晕入路腔镜甲状腺切除术的患者116例,男30例,女86例,年龄18~64岁,BMI 18.5~30.0 kg/m^(2),ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级。采用随机数字表法将患者分为三组:罗库溴铵0.30 mg/kg组(R1组,n=39)、罗库溴铵0.45 mg/kg(R2组,n=39)和罗库溴铵0.60 mg/kg(R3组,n=38)。麻醉诱导后,R1组、R2组和R3组分别静脉注射罗库溴铵0.30、0.45、0.60 mg/kg。当TOF值为0后插入神经监测气管导管,术中全程监测肌松,神经监测结束前不追加肌松药。记录首次出现喉返神经肌电图(EMG)时间及EMG振幅、插管时间及气管插管质量(Cooper’s评分法)。记录术中低血压、高血压、心动过缓、心动过速、体动的发生情况。记录术后咽痛、声音嘶哑、肌肉疼痛的发生情况。结果三组首次出现喉返神经EMG时间差异无统计学意义。与R1组比较,R2组和R3组首次出现喉返神经EMG振幅明显降低(P<0.05)。与R1组比较,R2组和R3组插管时间明显缩短(P<0.05)。与R2组比较,R3组插管时间明显缩短(P<0.05)。与R1组比较,R2组和R3组气管插管质量明显升高(P<0.05)。与R1组比较,R2组和R3组术中体动、术后咽痛发生率明显降低(P<0.05)。结论在腔镜甲状腺切除术中,与罗库溴铵0.30 mg/kg比较,罗库溴铵0.45和0.60 mg/kg既能提供良好的气管插管条件,又能监测到喉返神经肌电信号,罗库溴铵0.60 mg/kg插管时间更短。

Objective To investigate the effect of different doses of rocuronium on the monitoring of recurrent laryngeal nerve during endoscopic thyroidectomy.Methods A total of 116 patients undergoing endoscopic thyroidectomy through areolar approach were selected from October 2021 to October 2022,30 males and 86 females,aged 18-64 years,BMI 18.5-30.0 kg/m^(2),ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ.All the patients were divided into three groups by random number table method:rocuronium 0.30 mg/kg group(group R1,n = 39),rocuronium 0.45 mg/kg group(group R2,n = 39),and rocuronium 0.60 mg/kg group(group R3,n = 38).After induction of anesthesia,groups R1,R2,and R3 were injected intravenously with rocuronium 0.30,0.45,and 0.60 mg/kg,respectively.When the TOF value was 0,the nerve monitoring tracheal catheter was inserted,and the muscle relaxation was monitored throughout the operation.No muscle relaxants were added before the end of the nerve monitoring.The time and amplitude of recurrent laryngeal nerve electromyography(EMG) from intravenous rocuronium to the first occurrence were recorded.The time of intubation and quality of tracheal intubation(Cooper's score),intraoperative special conditions(hypotension,hypertension,bradycardia,tachycardia,intraoperative movement,etc.),postoperative throat pain,hoarseness,and muscle pain were recorded.Results There was no significant difference in the time of first occurrence of recurrent laryngeal nerve EMG among the three groups.Compared with group R1,the recurrent laryngeal nerve EMG amplitude in groups R2 and R3 was significantly decreased for the first occurrence(P < 0.05).Compared with group R1,the time of intubation in groups R2 and R3 was significantly shortened(P < 0.05).Compared with group R2,the time of intubation in group R3 was significantly shortened(P < 0.05).Compared with group R1,the quality of tracheal intubation in groups R2 and R3 was significantly higher(P < 0.05).Compared with group R1,the incidence of intraoperative and postoperative laryngeal pain in groups R2 and R3 was significantly lower(P < 0.05).Conclusion During endoscopic thyroidectomy,compared with rocuronium 0.30 mg/kg,rocuronium 0.45 and 0.60 mg/kg can not only provide good conditions for tracheal intubation,but also monitor recurrent laryngeal nerve signals,and rocuronium 0.60 mg/kg can be intubated for a shorter time.