系统护理在早发型重度子痫前期患者围产期的应用效果

Application effects of systematic nursing in perinatal period of patients with early onset severe preeclampsia

目的:观察系统护理在早发型重度子痫前期(EOSP)患者围产期的应用效果。方法:选取2021年8月至2022年8月该院收治的80例EOSP患者进行前瞻性研究,根据随机数字表法将其分为对照组与观察组各40例。对照组实施常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上实施系统护理,比较两组入院时和分娩前分娩恐惧程度[分娩态度问卷(CAQ)]评分,母婴结局和出院2个月后生命质量[健康调查简表(SF-36)]评分。结果:分娩前,两组CAQ评分均低于入院时,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组剖宫产、产后出血、胎盘早剥和新生儿窒息发生率均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);出院2个月后,观察组心理健康、总体健康、情感职能、躯体疼痛、社会功能、生理职能、生理功能、活力等SF-36评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:在常规护理基础上实施系统护理可提高围产期EOSP患者生命质量评分,改善母婴结局,降低分娩恐惧程度评分,效果优于单纯常规护理。

Objective:To observe application effects of systematic nursing in perinatal period of patients with early onset severe preeclampsia(EOSP).Methods:A prospective study was conducted on 80 patients with EOSP admitted to the hospital from August 2021 to August 2022.According to the random number table method,they were divided into control group and observation group,40 cases in each group.The control group was given routine nursing,while the observation group was given the systematic nursing on the basis of that of the control group.The scores of fear of childbirth[childbirth attitude questionnaire(CAQ)]at admission and before delivery,the maternal and infant outcomes,and the quality of life after the nursing[the MOS 36-item short form health survey(SF-36)]2 months after discharge were compared between the two groups before and after the nursing.Results:Before delivery,the CAQ scores of the two groups were lower than those at admission,that in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidences of cesarean section,postpartum hemorrhage,placental abruption and neonatal asphyxia in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Further,2 months after discharge,the SF-36 scores of mental health,general health,emotional function,physical pain,social function,physiological function,physiological role and vitality in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions:The systematic nursing on the basis of the routine nursing can improve the quality of life scores of the perinatal EOSP patients,improve the maternal and infant outcomes,and reduce the scores of fear of childbirth.Moreover,it is superior to single routine nursing.