地质多样性对生物多样性影响的研究进展

Advances in Research on the Impact of Geodiversity on Biodiversity

地质多样性在维持生物多样性与生态系统服务方面具有重要作用。研究地质多样性对生物多样性的影响,有助于理解自然生态系统内地下—地上、地质—生物的耦合作用。结合国内外地质多样性研究进展,阐述了地质多样性与生物多样性的关系,认为地质多样性与生物多样性共同维持着自然生态系统,并且地质多样性支撑着生物多样性,其中关键问题是研究高地质多样性支撑高生物多样性形成和维持的机制;梳理了不同空间维度地质多样性对生物多样性的影响,认为此影响在全球尺度、景观尺度和局域尺度等空间维度具有差异性,特别是保护区范围的地质多样性对生物多样性的影响及其驱动机制目前尚未形成统一认识;总结了地质多样性评估的方法,主要有定性评估、定量评估和定性—定量评估3种,认为定性—定量评估方法是最有效的;未来应该在自然保护区范围的地质多样性驱动生物多样性实证分析、将地质多样性驱动生物多样性研究应用于保护区管理以及地质多样性评估方法优化等方面加强研究。

Geodiversity encompasses the diversity of abiotic materials,forms,and processes on and beneath the surface of the Earth.This study investigates the impact of geodiversity on biodiversity,shedding light on the interplay between subsurface-aboveground dynamics and geological-biological roles in natural ecosystems.Synthesizing domestic and international research,we explore the relationship between geodiversity and biodiversity,highlighting their joint role in maintaining natural ecosystems.Specifically,we focus on understanding the formation and maintenance mechanisms of high geodiversity supporting high biodiversity.Additionally,we examine the impact of geodiversity on biodiversity across various spatial scales,noting differences in effects at global,landscape,and local scales.We also underscore the lack of a unified understanding of the impacts of geodiversity on biodiversity and its driving mechanisms,particularly in protected areas.Furthermore,we summarize research methods for geodiversity assessment,including qualitative,quantitative,and qualitative-quantitative approaches,and highlight the effectiveness of the qualitative-quantitative method.Lastly,we suggest that future research should emphasize strengthening empirical analyses of geodiversity on biodiversity within nature reserves,integrating geodiversity on biodiversity research into the management of protected areas,and optimizing geodiversity assessment methods.