基于16S rRNA测序技术研究尘肺病患者肠道菌群特征

Characteristics of intestinal flora in patients with pneumoconiosis based on 16S rRNA sequencing

目的 基于16S rRNA测序技术,研究尘肺病患者与健康人群的肠道菌群差异,为肠道菌群与尘肺病相关联系提供参考。方法 以20名尘肺病患者为研究对象,以20名健康志愿者为对照组。采用16S r RNA测序技术对两组人群的肠道菌群分布情况进行统计及差异分析,结合KEGG数据库和COG数据库等进行综合生物信息学分析。结果 尘肺组肠道菌群的丰富度较低,厚壁菌门与拟杆菌门比例较对照组显著降低(P<0.05),变形菌门相对丰度增加,放线菌门相对丰度明显下降(P<0.05)。在属水平上,埃希氏菌属相对丰度增加,双歧杆菌属和罗氏菌属相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05)。戈登杆菌属、艾森伯格菌属、Negativibacillus和Tyzzerella可能为尘肺患者肠道的特异菌群。COG功能基因分析发现,两组在L2层级的4个代谢通路上差异存在统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 尘肺患者肠道菌群和代谢通路与健康人群存在显著差异,戈登杆菌属、艾森伯格菌属、Negativibacillus和Tyzzerella可能是尘肺患者肠道菌群生物标志物。

Objective To observe the difference of intestinal flora between patients with pneumoconiosis and healthy individuals based on the 16S rRNA sequencing, so as to provide references for the relationship between intestinal flora and pneumoconiosis. Methods Twenty patients with pneumoconiosis were selected as subjects, with 20 healthy volunteers as controls. 16S rRNA sequencing was used to analyze the distribution of intestinal microflora and the difference between the two groups, and comprehensive bioinformatics analysis was carried out combined with COG database. Results The richness of intestinal flora in the patient group was lower. The ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroides in the patient group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05);the relative abundance of Proteobacteria increased while that of Actinobacteriota decreased significantly (P<0.05). At the genus level, the relative abundance of Escherichia increased, while those of Bifidobacteria and Rosella decreased significantly. Gordonibacter, Eisenbergiella, Negativibacillus and Tyzzerella could be biomarkers of intestinal flora in patients with pneumoconiosis. COG functional gene analysis showed that there were significant differences in 4 metabolic pathways between the patient group and the control group. Conclusion There are significant differences in the intestinal flora and its metabolic pathway between patients with pneumoconiosis and healthy people. Gordonibacter, Eisenbergiella, Negativibacillus and Tyzzerella may be biomarkers of the gut microbiota in pneumoconiosis.