乳腺癌患者配偶支持感知现状及影响因素分析

Analysis of the status quo and influencing factors of spouse support perception of breast cancer patients

目的调查乳腺癌患者配偶支持感知现状及影响因素,为临床开展针对性干预提供参考。方法采用横断面调查研究方法,便利抽样法选取2022年1月至2023年6月于中山大学肿瘤防治中心进行治疗的182例乳腺癌患者为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、乳腺癌患者配偶支持感知量表、医院用焦虑抑郁量表、洛克-华莱士婚姻调适量表、简易疾病感知问卷对其进行调查,采用多元线性回归分析乳腺癌患者配偶支持感知水平的影响因素。结果本研究最终纳入180例乳腺癌患者,均为女性,年龄(49.88±8.95)岁。乳腺癌患者配偶支持感知量表总分为(62.38±6.54)分,各维度条目均分由高到低依次为:情感支持(2.70±0.48)分、信息支持(2.65±0.52)分、实际支持(2.51±0.62)分。不同受教育程度、手术方式、自理能力的乳腺癌患者的配偶支持感知得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(F=4.08、17.63,t=2.41,均P<0.05)。Pearson相关性分析结果显示,乳腺癌患者配偶支持感知量表总分与焦虑得分、抑郁得分、疾病感知得分均呈负相关(r=-0.388、-0.410、-0.350,均P<0.01),与婚姻调适得分呈正相关(r=0.692,P<0.01)。多元线性回归结果显示,受教育程度、手术方式、焦虑、抑郁、疾病感知、婚姻调适是乳腺癌患者配偶支持感知水平的影响因素(t值为3.04~4.44,均P<0.05),可解释总变异的54.6%。结论乳腺癌患者配偶支持感知水平有待提升,受教育程度、手术方式、焦虑、抑郁、疾病感知、婚姻调适是患者感知配偶支持水平的影响因素。

Objective To investigate the status quo and influencing factors of support perception of spouses of breast cancer patients,and to provide reference for clinical intervention.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted to facilitate the selection of 180 breast cancer patients who were treated at the Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center from January 2022 to June 2023.The general information questionnaire,the Perceived Support Scale for Spouses of Breast Cancer Patients,the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale,the Locke-Wallace Marriage Adjustment Scale,and the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire were used to investigate them.Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of perceived support level of spouses of breast cancer patients.ResultsA total of 180 patients were admitted ultimately,all of them were females,aged(49.88±8.95)years old.The total score of Perceived Support Scale for Spouses of Breast Cancer Patients was(62.38±6.54)points.The average scores of each dimension from high to low were emotional support(2.70±0.48)points,information support(2.65±0.52)points and actual support(2.51±0.62)points.There were significant differences in the scores of spouse support perception among breast cancer patients with different educational levels,surgical methods and self-care ability(F=4.08,17.63,t=2.41,all P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that the total score of Perceived Support Scale for Spouses of Breast Cancer Patients was negatively correlated with anxiety score,depression score and disease perception score(r=-0.388,-0.410,-0.350,all P<0.01),and positively correlated with marital adjustment score(r=0.692,P<0.01).The results of multiple linear regression showed that education level,surgical method,anxiety,depression,disease perception and marital adjustment were the influencing factors of spouse support perception level of breast cancer patients(t values were 3.04-4.44,all P<0.05),which could explain 54.6%of the total variation.ConclusionsThe level of support perception of spouses of breast cancer patients needs to be improved.Education level,surgical method,anxiety,depression,disease perception and marital adjustment are the influencing factors of patients′perception of spouse support level.