大连汉族群体遗传结构及系统关联性的研究

Study on the population genetic structure and phylogenetic relationship of the Han population in Dalian

目的结合大连汉族人群与32个国内外群体的Y-STR单倍型遗传信息,研究其群体遗传结构和系统关联性。方法采集大连市958位汉族男性志愿者血液样本,应用Y-STR荧光检测试剂盒和毛细管电泳分型技术完成42个基因座的基因分型,计算相关的法医学参数。并基于17个Y-STR基因座计算33个人群间的Nei氏标准遗传距离,绘制主坐标分析图,构建系统发生树。结果针对42个Y-STR基因座的遗传多态性分析,发现了10个基因座30种非常规的等位基因。对17个Y-STR基因座的群体遗传学分析证实大连与鞍山汉族人群遗传距离最近,其次为河南、黑龙江、吉林、山东和重庆汉族人群。此外,大连汉族与北川羌族和贵州苗族人群遗传距离相对较近,反而与同居住于辽宁的满族人群遗传距离相对较远。结论大连汉族与其他人群的遗传距离不完全与民族和地域远近成正比,人口迁徙和民族融合与隔离都会对其产生影响。

Objective To study the population genetic structure and phylogenetic relationships by combining Y-STR haplotype genetic information from the Han population in Dalian with 32 domestic and foreign groups.Methods Blood samples of 958 Han male volunteers from Dalian were collected.Genetic typing of 42 genetic loci was completed using Y-STR fluorescent reagent kits and capillary electrophoresis.Related forensic parameters were calculated.Nei's standard genetic distances among 33 populations based on 17 Y-STR loci were computed,in order to create a principal coordinate analysis as well as construct a phylogenetic tree.Results The analysis of genetic polymorphisms at 42 Y-STR loci revealed 30 unconventional alleles at 10 loci.Genetic analysis of the population based on 17 Y-STR loci confirmed that Dalian's Han population had the closest genetic distance to the Anshan's Han population,followed by populations from Henan,Heilongjiang,Jilin,Shandong,and Chongqing.Furthermore,the genetic distances between the Han population in Dalian and the Qiang population in Beichuan or the Miao population in Guizhou were relatively closer than that to the Manchu population living in Liaoning.Conclusion The genetic distance between the Han population in Dalian and other groups is not entirely proportional to ethnicities and geographical proximity.Both population migration and ethnic assimilation or isolation may have influence on it.