福建德化尾林窑2020年发掘简报

2020 Excavation of the Weilin Kiln in Dehua,Fujian

尾林窑位于福建省德化县三班镇西北上寮溪两侧的山坡上(图一)。2016~2019年调查勘探确认了尾林窑3处窑址(编号DWY1~DWY3)。为配合泉州申报世界文化遗产工作,经国家文物局批准,2020年3~7月,福建博物院、德化县文物保护中心、德化县陶瓷博物馆联合,对德化尾林一号窑址(DWY1)进行了考古发掘,共揭露4座窑炉遗迹,并对尾林窑2处作坊遗迹(编号DWF1、DWF2)进行了试掘(图二)。

The Weilin Kiln is located on the slopes of Shangliao Creek northwest of Sanban Town,Dehua County,Fujian Province.From March to July 2020,the Fujian Museum,Cultural Relics Preservation Center of Dehua County,and Dehua Ceramics Museum jointly excavated the No.1 Kiln site(DWY1).Within the 329 sq.m.excavation area,they discovered four furnace remains in overlapping or crosscutting relationships,two workshop remains(DWF1,DWF2)during a trial excavation,and unearthed many Qingbai porcelain,white porcelain,specimens of blue-and-white and kiln furniture from the Song to Qing dynasties.The excavation,for the first time,thoroughly demonstrated the evolution process of the Dehua Kiln:from the dragon kiln in the Song and Yuan dynasties to the horizontal ascending kiln during the Ming and Qing dynasties;it also flls a gap in the history of ancient kiln technology of the Dehua Kiln.In addition,the plentiful unearthed porcelain specimens prove that the Dehua Kiln formed a critical part of the ancient Maritime Silk Road and a significant commodity support for the Quanzhou Port becoming the international maritime trade center during the Song and Yuan dynasties.