基于TOPSIS法的北京市基层妇幼保健服务能力评价

Evaluation of primary maternal and child health care service capabilities in Beijing by TOPSIS method

目的综合评价北京市各区基层妇幼保健服务状况,为促进北京市妇幼健康事业持续发展提供依据。方法选取北京市16个区所有社区卫生服务中心和中心卫生院作为调查对象,围绕基层妇幼保健服务需要、资源和利用3个维度(9项评价指标)进行问卷调查,数据调查时间范围为2021年1—6月;采用TOPSIS法和卫生服务综合评价模式综合评价各区基层妇幼保健服务。结果纳入北京市16个区303家基层医疗卫生机构。经TOPSIS法分析,基层妇幼保健服务需要量最低的为延庆区(C=1.000),资源最充足的是西城区(C=0.993),服务利用情况最好的为海淀区(C=0.750);经卫生服务综合评价模式分析,除了西城区(C型)、丰台区(D型)、顺义区(E型)和大兴区(B型)外,朝阳区、海淀区和通州区等12个区的基层妇幼保健服务需要量、卫生资源投入量和卫生服务利用量保持相对平衡(A型或H型)。结论北京市12个区的基层妇幼保健服务的供需相适应,但西城区、丰台区、顺义区和大兴区的基层妇幼保健服务需要、资源和利用之间尚未平衡,有待进一步完善。

Objective To comprehensively evaluate the current situation of primary maternal and child health care services in all districts of Beijing,for references to promote the sustainable development of maternal and child health care in Beijing.Methods All community health service centers or central health centers in 16 districts of Beijing were selected as survey respondents,and questionnaire surveys were conducted on primary healthcare institutions in each district from January to June 2021 around the integrated evaluation indicators(9 indicators)of primary maternal and child healthcare services in 3 dimensions of need,resources and utilization;The TOPSIS method and the comprehensive evaluation model of health services were used to comprehensively evaluate the primary maternal and child health care services in 16 districts.Results A total of 303 primary medical and health care institutions were included.According to TOPSIS analysis,Yanqing District had the lowest demand for primary maternal and child health services(C=1.000),Xicheng District had the most abundant resources(C=0.993),and Haidian District had the best utilization of services(C=0.750);According to the comprehensive evaluation model analysis of health services,except for Xicheng District(Type C),Fengtai District(Type D),Shunyi District(Type E),and Daxing District(Type B),the demand for primary maternal and child health services,investment in health resources,and utilization of health services remained relatively balanced(Type A or H)in the other 12 districts,including Chaoyang District,Haidian District,and Tongzhou District,and so on.Conclusions The supply and demand of primary maternal and child health services in 12 districts of Beijing were relatively balanced,but the needs,resources,and utilization of primary maternal and child health services in Xicheng District,Fengtai District,Shunyi District,and Daxing District were not yet balanced and needed further improvement.