美国民间艺术的现代叙事——以洛克菲勒夫人收藏为例

Modern Narrative in American Folk Art:Taking Mrs.Rockefeller's Collection as an Example

从殖民时期至20世纪初,美国艺术长期以来被视为欧洲文化的延续和附庸,随着民族意识的觉醒,美国现代艺术史书写面临如何建立本土身份认同的内在难题。洛克菲勒夫人自1929年以来独特而广泛的美国民间艺术收藏,成为推动美国前文化政策时期挖掘被忽视艺术传统的主导力量之一。本文梳理了洛克菲勒夫人收藏民间艺术的历史,表明她及同僚通过在美学上精心构思的措辞,建立起美国民间艺术与现代艺术的亲缘关系,从而改写美国现代艺术作为欧洲附庸的历史叙事。

American art has long been regarded as a continuation of and appendage to European culture from being colonized to the early 2oth Century.With the increase of national awareness,the development of modern American art was faced with the inherent problem of establishing local identity.Mrs.Rockefeller's unique and extensive collection of American folk art works from 1929 became one of the leading forces to discover neglected artistic traditions when cultural policies were implemented in the United States in early period.By teasing out the history of Mrs.Rockefeller collecting folk art works,this article believes that she and her colleagues established a relationship between American folk art and modern art with appropriate aesthetic wording,thereby rewriting the historical narrative of American modern art being an appendage to Europe.