直肠肛管区特殊类型肿瘤的诊治进展

Advances in diagnosis and treatment of special types of tumors in the rectal and anal canal

直肠肛管区存在诸如直肠神经内分泌肿瘤、胃肠间质瘤、肛管鳞癌、直肠肛管黑色素瘤、原发性直肠淋巴瘤等特殊类型肿瘤,其临床特征与直肠癌存在差异,且发病率较低,导致临床医师对其认识不足。本文对直肠肛管区特殊类型肿瘤的临床诊疗进展进行综述。

There are several special types of tumors in the rectal and anal canal,such as neuroendocrine tumors(NETs),gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GIST),squamous cell anal carcinoma(SCAC),anorectal malignant melanoma(ARMM),and primary rectal lymphoma(PRL).They are rare and have different clinical characteristics from the rectal cancer,resulting in insufficient understanding of them by clinicians.This article reviews the diagnosis and treatment of special types of tumors in the rectal and anal region.