播量和插秧密度互作对寒地水稻生长发育和产量的影响

The Effect of Sowing Amount and Transplanting Density on the Growth and Yield of Rice in Cold Area

试验在大田条件下,以垦稻1725为试验材料,设置干籽125 g/盘(S1)、干籽70 g/盘(S2)两个水平及行株距为30 cm×12 cm(P1)、30 cm×10 cm(P2)、25 cm×12 cm(P3)和25 cm×10 cm(P4)四个水平,分析不同播量和插秧密度互作下寒地水稻秧苗素质、茎蘖动态、干物质积累和产量构成特征及其关系。结果表明:不同播量下,S2处理秧苗素质高于S1处理。播量与插秧密度交互作用下,各处理组合对水稻干物质积累量、产量及其构成因素的影响存在明显或显著互作效应,以播量70 g/盘、行株距30 cm×10 cm(S2P2)处理产量最好,产量达748.62 kg/667 m^(2)。在同一密度下,S2处理产量高于S1处理。在同一播量下,稀播处理产量最好的为S2P2处理,密播处理产量最好的为S1P3处理。综合分析表明,种植垦稻1725稀播育壮秧,稀播建议30 cm×10 cm插秧密度,提高后期分蘖及干物质积累量,增加产量;如是密播弱苗,建议25 cm×12 cm插秧密度,增加平方米基本苗数,提高产量。

Under field conditions,Kendao-1725 was used as test material.Two levels of 125 g/plate of dry seeds(S1)and 70 g/plate of dry seeds(S2)were set,and the row spacing was 30 cm×12 cm(P1),30 cm×10 cm(P2),25 cm×12 cm(P3)and 25 cm×10 cm(P4).The characteristics and relationships of seedling quality,tiller dynamics,dry matter accumulation and yield of rice in lower cold region were analyzed.The results showed that seedling quality of S2 treatment was higher than S1 treatment under different sowing amount.Under the interaction of sowing amount and transplanting density,the effects of each treatment combination on dry matter accumulation,yield and its components were obvious or significant,and the best yield was 748.62 kg/667 m^(2) under sowing amount of 70 g/plate and row spacing of 30 cm×10 cm(S2P2).At the same density,the yield of S2 treatment was higher than S1 treatment.Under the same sowing amount,the best yield of thin sowing treatment was S2P2,and the best yield of close sowing treatment was S1P3.The comprehensive analysis showed that the sparse sowing of Kendao-1725 was recommended to increase the planting density of 30 cm×10 cm,improve the tillering and dry matter accumulation at the later stage,and increase the yield.If the weak seedlings are densely planted,it is recommended that the planting density of 25 cm×12 cm be increased to increase the basic seedling number of square meters to improve the yield.