黄河流域关中平原城市群水资源利用效率与公平性评价

Evaluation of Water Use Efficiency and Fairness of Guanzhong Plain Urban Agglomeration in the Yellow River Basin

为提高黄河流域城市群水资源利用效率与公平性,推动黄河流域生态保护与高质量发展,以关中平原城市群为例,在采用水足迹与水行星边界方法分析水资源可持续利用水平的基础上,运用超效率SBM模型与GML指数探讨了城市群的水资源利用效率,并利用基尼系数与贡献系数评价了用水公平程度对城市群的影响。结果表明:2010—2019年,关中平原城市群水足迹、水赤字和灰水足迹分别下降了4.52%、3.62%和59.79%,水资源的不可持续性和水污染状况得到改善;水资源利用效率不高且未呈现增长趋势,技术效率与技术进步之间未实现良性互动;水资源占用相对公平,但水污染同城市发展及水资源承载能力之间的公平程度均有明显下降。

In order to improve the water use efficiency and fairness of urban agglomerations and promote ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin,the Guanzhong Plain urban agglomeration was taken as a case.On the basis of analyzing the sustain-able utilization level of water resources by using the water footprint and water planet boundary,the super-efficiency SBM model and the GML index were used to explore the water use efficiency of the urban agglomeration.And Gini coefficient and contribution coefficient were estab-lished to evaluate the impact of water use fairness on urban agglomeration.The results show that the water footprint,water deficit and grey wa-ter footprint of Guanzhong Plain urban agglomeration decrease by 4.52%,3.62%and 59.79%,respectively.The unsustainability of water re-sources and water pollution has been improved.The water use efficiency is insufficient and does not show the growth trend.The positive inter-action between technical efficiency and technical progress has not been achieved.The water resources occupation is relatively fair,but the fairness degree between water pollution and urban development,water carrying capacity decreases significantly.