老旧小区室外微空间多样性聚集行为时序特征研究——以徐州醒狮小区为例

A Study on the Temporal Characteristics of Diversity Aggregation Behavior in Old Community Microspaces:A Case Study of Xingshi Community in Xuzhou

对老旧小区微空间的优化是城市存量更新的重要工作内容之一,其中应充分考虑人群的多样性行为特征。以徐州市醒狮小区为例,通过定点观察、延时摄影结合时空大数据的方法,研究了小区中的微空间形态、人群聚集偏好、行为时序特征和潜在休憩空间。通过对小区中5个研究区域的人群数量与活动类型进行等时记录,得到空间使用人数的变化趋势,以及行走、驻足、休憩、交谈等不同类型行为的空间分布与占比,从而获得空间活力的判定依据,发现居民自发性实践导致的聚集行为能够对失活微空间产生积极影响。进而基于居民自发性聚集行为,提出增加空间的私密性、提高空间的明亮度、降低休憩空间的“私有度”、多时段共享、激发合理空间异用、增加文体活动设施、室内微空间的开发利用及建筑宅前空间微改造等更新改造策略,以期为城市老旧小区更新提质提供参考。

The optimization of micro-space in old neighborhoods is one of the important work contents of urban stock renewal,in which the diverse behavioral characteristics of the crowd should be fully considered.Taking Xuzhou Waking Lion District as an example,the micro-space patterns,crowd gathering preferences,behavioral characteristics and potential open spaces in the district were studied by means of fixed-point observation,time-lapse photography and spatial and temporal big data.Through isochronous recording of the number of people and types of activities in the five study areas in the district,we obtained the trend of the number of people using the space,as well as the spatial distribution and proportion of different types of behaviors,such as walking,stopping,resting,and talking,so as to obtain the basis for determining the spatial vitality,and found that the aggregation behaviors caused by the spontaneous practices of residents can positively affect the inactivated microspaces.Based on the residents'spontaneous gathering behaviors,we propose the renewal and transformation strategies of increasing the privacy of space,improving the brightness of space,reducing the"privatization"of open space,sharing in multiple time periods,stimulating reasonable spatial heterogeneity,increasing the facilities for cultural and sports activities,developing and utilizing indoor micro-space,and micro-renovation of space in front of the building,in order to provide a reference for the renewal and upgrading of the old urban neighborhoods.