山东曲阜市鲁国故城坊上村南墓地东周墓的发掘

Excavation of Eastern Zhou Tombs at the Fangshangcun South Cemetery of the Lu State Capital City Site in Qufu City,Shandong

坊上村南遗址位于山东省曲阜市鲁国故城西部、明故城西北城墙外市农业局旧址处,遗址内有一处相对独立的春秋晚期至战国早期墓地(图一)。2014年,为配合市农业局旧址改造工程,山东省文物考古研究所对院内区域进行考古钻探,钻探面积6866平方米。2017年5月至2018年8月,对旧址区域进行发掘,发掘面积4300平方米。此次发掘发现有龙山文化、东周、汉代等多个时期的重要文化遗存,遗迹有灰坑198个、水井17座、墓葬84座、车马坑6座(图二)。

From May 2017 to August 2018,the Shandong Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology conducted archaeological excavations at the Fangshang Village south cemetery and revealed a total of 64 Eastern Zhou tombs,54 of which were pit tombs,predominated by occupants in an extended burial position.Among them,three tombs were relatively well preserved with a large number of grave goods,including objects made of pottery,bronze,stone,and bone,antler,etc.Excavations indicate that these three tombs date to the late Spring and Autumn through the early Warring States period,based on analysis of tomb form and characteristics and assemblages of grave goods.This cemetery shares similar cultural characteristics with many other cemeteries in the capital city of Lu,such as the Yaopu cemetery,and likely belongs to the Group A tombs in the capital city of Lu,probably a gentleman-class family cemetery.Excavation of Eastern Zhou tombs at the Fangshang Village south cemetery provides important data for the study of the archaeological and cultural genealogy at the capital city of Lu,funerary systems,and the relationship between Lu and surrounding vassal states.