天然阔叶次生林下不同年生人参根际微生物群落多样性

Diversity of Rhizosphere Microbial Community of Different Age Panax ginseng in Natural Broad-leaved Secondary Forests

为探讨天然阔叶次生林下人参根际细菌和真菌的群落组成和分布规律,以不同生长年限人参根际土壤为研究对象,采用Illumina HiSeq高通量测序技术分析天然阔叶次生林下不同生长年限人参根际微生物菌群落多样性。结果表明:人参根际细菌和真菌的OTU数目,随着人参生长年限的增长普遍增加,其中,11年生(K11)人参的根际微生物OTU数目最多。α多样性分析结果表明,相对于未种植人参土壤(Kck),生长年限分别为7年(K7)和11年(K11)的土壤细菌群落的丰富度和多样性明显增加(P<0.05),15年(K15)的细菌群落α多样性指数没有明显差异,而真菌群落的丰富度和多样性指数,随着人参的生长年限变化不大。β多样性分析表明,相同年生人参根际细菌和真菌群落距离较近,其中,15年生(K15)人参根际细菌和真菌群落与对照(Kck)样本完全分开,群落差异明显。优势细菌门的相对丰度随着人参生长年限的增长发生改变。放线菌门数量随着种植年限有大幅变化,呈现先升高后降低的趋势,4年生(K4)数量达到最大值。优势真菌门的相对丰度随着人参生长年限的增长发生改变。天然阔叶次生林下,生长年限对人参根际土壤微生物有较大影响,可为林下人参科学种植提供理论依据。

To explore the community composition and distribution patterns of bacteria and fungi in the rhizosphere of Panax ginseng under natural broad-leaved secondary forests,taking ginseng rhizosphere soil with different growth years as the research object,Illumina HiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the microbial community diversity of ginseng rhizosphere soil at different growth years in natural broad-leaved secondary forest.The results showed that the number of OTUs of bacteria and fungi generally increased with the ginseng planting years.Among them,the number of OTUs of 11-year-old ginseng rhizosphere microorganisms was the largest.Theαdiversity analysis showed that compared with the soil without planting ginseng,the richness and diversity of soil bacterial communities with growth years of 7 years(K7)and 11 years(K11)were significantly increased(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference inαdiversity index of bacterial communities with 15 years,while fungi richness and diversity indexes of the community did not change signifcantly with the growth years of ginseng.βdiversity analysis showed that the rhizosphere bacterial and fungal communities of the same year-old ginseng were relatively close.Among them,the 15-year-old ginseng rhizosphere bacterial and fungal communities were completely separated from the control samples,indicating that the community differences were significant.The abundance of dominant bacteria phyla changed with the increase of ginseng age.The number of Actinomycetes changed significantly with the planting years of ginseng,showing a first increasing and then decreasing trend.The number of Actinomycetes in the 4-year-old ginseng reached the maximum value.The abundance of dominant fungi phyla changed with the increase of ginseng age.Under the natural broad-leaved secondary forest,the microbial community of ginseng rhizosphere under the broadleaved forest changed significantly with the growth of ginseng,which can provide a theoretical basis for the scientific planting of ginseng under the forest.