法律科技的变革:从计算机化到数字化与智能化

The Evolution of Legal Science and Technology:Navigating from Computerization to Digitalization and Intellectualization

上世纪80年代初期有学者提出的“法律工作的计算机化”概念,开启了我国法律科技研究的先河。经过40多年的发展,法律科技先后经历了“法律知识+专家系统”和“法律大数据+机器学习”时代。我国的立法、审判、检察和律师工作实现了从计算机化到数字化和智能化的转型。尽管法律科技取得了显著进展,但它仍无法回避法理和伦理问题,其技术和应用也存在缺陷。法律科技的价值定位应回归居于辅助地位。法律科技在当下的数字时代面临新的挑战,我国亟须构筑法律科技自主体系。这需要从构建法律科技共同体、新型管理体系、自主知识体系、知识和数据共享机制以及法律与伦理治理体系等多个方面共同发力。

The computerization of legal work in the early 1980s marked the beginning of China's legal science and technology research.Over four decades of development,this field has evolved through phases such as"legal knowledge+expert systems"and"legal big data+machine learning."In China,the domains of legislation,judiciary,prosecution,and legal practice have undergone a transformation from computerization to digitalization and intellectualization.Although legal science and technology has made significant progress,it still can not avoid legal and ethical issues,and its technology and application also have shortcomings.Therefore,the value of legal science and technology should be repositioned as supportive.In the digital era,legal science and technology is facing new challenges.China urgently needs to build an independent legal science and technology system.This requires collaborative efforts across various domains,including build a legal science and technology community,a new management system,an independent knowledge system,a mechanism for knowledge and data sharing,and a legal and ethical governance system.