经腹壁人工网片无张力双侧顶端悬吊盆底重建术的疗效分析

The clinical effect of Tension-free laparoscopic lateral suspension with mesh for pelvic organ prolapse

目的观察经腹壁人工网片无张力双侧顶端悬吊盆底重建术的临床疗效。方法选取2021年3月1日至2023年10月31日在河南省人民医院因盆腔脏器脱垂行经腹壁人工网片无张力双侧顶端悬吊盆底重建术的患者作为观察组,共85例,同期行腹腔镜下骶骨固定术后的患者40例作为对照组,并分为保留子宫组、切除子宫组两个亚组。随访至2024年4月30日,分析其手术情况和术后并发症,并采用盆腔器官脱垂定量分期法(POP-Q)、盆底功能障碍性疾病症状问卷及其分量表(PFDI-20)、排尿困扰量表(UDI-6)、结直肠肛门困扰量表(CRADI-8)和盆腔器官脱垂困扰量表(POPDI-6)、盆底疾病生活质量影响问卷短表(PFIQ-7),盆腔器官脱垂/尿失禁性生活问卷(PISQ-12)对患者术前、术后治疗效果和生活质量进行组内及组间比较。结果观察组患者中位随访时间13.13个月,客观治愈率96.47%,再次手术率1.18%,围手术期并发症发生率为6.45%(切除子宫)、4.35%(保留子宫),网片暴露率1.61%(切除子宫)。对照组患者中位随访时间13.76个月,客观治愈率92.5%,再次手术率2.5%,围手术期并发症发生率为14.71%(切除子宫)、33.33%(保留子宫),网片暴露率8.82%(切除子宫)。观察组与对照组相比,客观治愈率、再次手术率无差异,观察组的手术时间短、出血少、术后排气快、住院时间短、围手术期并发症发生率低、网片暴露率低,尤其是保留子宫的患者,优势更明显。观察组和对照组患者组内比较时,术后1年与术前POP-Q的各指示点均明显改善(P<0.05),术后PFDI-20、UDI-6、CRADI-8、POPDI-6、PFIQ-7、PISQ-12量表评分均较术前明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但在进行组间比较时,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论经腹壁人工网片无张力双侧顶端悬吊盆底重建术是治疗前、中盆腔脱垂的一种有效手术方案,可明显改善患者脱垂症状,提高患者生活质量,与骶骨固定术有相似的临床效果,尤其适用于保留子宫的患者。

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of Tension-free laparoscopic lateral suspension with mesh for pelvic organ prolapse.Methods A total of 85 patients who underwent pelvic organ prolapse were selected as the study group,and 40 patients underwent Laparoscopic sacral fixation surgery(LSC)as the control group in Henan Provincial People's Hospital from March 1,2021 to October 31,2023.The patients were divided into two subgroups:uterine preservation group and uterine resection group and followed up until April 30,2024.The intraoperative conditions and postoperative complications were recorded and analyzed.POP quantitative staging(POP-Q)scores were used for evaluation.Preoperative and postoperative quality of life and therapeutic effect were evaluated using the pelvic floor distress inventory short form-20(PFDI-20),urinary distress inventory-6(UDI-6),colorectalanal distress inventory-8(CRADI-8),pelvic organ prolapse distress inventory-6(POPDI-6),pelvic floor impact questionnaire-7(PFIQ-7),prolapse and Incontinence sexual function questionnaire short form(PISQ-12).Results The median follow-up time for patients in the study group is 13.13 months,with an objective cure rate of 96.47% and a reoperation rate of 1.18%.The perioperative complication rates are 6.45%for uterine resection and 4.35% for uterine preservation,while the mesh exposure rate is 1.61%for uterine resection.In comparison,the median follow-up time for patients in the control group is slightly longer at 13.76 months,with an objective cure rate of 92.5% and a reoperation rate of 2.5%.The perioperative complication rates are higher at 14.71% for uterine resection and as high as 33.33% for uterine preservation,while the mesh exposure rate is also elevated at 8.82% for uterine resection.Despite these differences,there was no significant disparity in objective cure rates or reoperation rates between the study group and the control group.Furthermore,it was observed that the study group experienced shorter operation times,less bleeding,faster postoperative recovery,shorter hospitalization periods,lower perioperative complications,and reduced mesh exposure rates-especially among patients with uterine preservation.Additionally,intra-group comparisons revealed significant improvements in all POP-Q indicators one year after surgery(P<0.05),along with significantly lower scores on PFDI-20,UDI-6,CRADI-8,POPDI-6,PFIQ-7,and PISQ-12 scales compared to pre-surgery levels(P<0.05).However,no significant inter-group differences were noted.Conclusions Tension-free laparoscopic lateral suspension with mesh proves to be an effective surgical approach for treating anteriorand middle pelvic organ prolapse.It demonstrates few perioperative complications while significantly improving prolapse symptoms and enhancing patient qualityof life.It stands as a viable alternative to sacrocolpopexy,particularly beneficial for patients with a preserved uterus.