嘉峪关市215名医院放射工作人员职业健康资料分析

Analysis of occupational health examination data of 215 radiation workers from hospitals in Jiayuguan,China

目的了解长期接触电离辐射对放射工作人员健康产生的影响。方法采用随机抽样选取215名在岗放射工作人员为暴露组,197名非放射工作人员为对照组,对两组人员的职业健康检查结果进行比较分析。结果暴露组人群的白细胞计数低于对照组(P<0.05),暴露组眼晶状体、心电图(ECG)、肝功、甲状腺功能异常率均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。暴露组人群中,女性肝功能异常率低于男性,血红蛋白水平异常率高于男性(P<0.01);眼晶状体异常率随着年龄增大而增大(P<0.01),不同年龄段间,血红蛋白水平异常率有差异(P<0.01);眼晶状体异常率随着工龄的增加而增大(P<0.01)。普通放射组放射工作人员红细胞计数异常率和血红蛋白水平异常率分别高于介入放射学组(P<0.01)。性别是肝功能异常的影响因素(P<0.01)。结论长时间暴露于低剂量的电离辐射会对医疗机构放射工作人员的健康产生不利影响。

Objective To understand the effects of long-term exposure to ionizing radiation on the health of radiation workers.Methods A total of 215 radiation workers were randomly selected and assigned to the exposure group and 197 non-radiation workers were assigned to the control group.The occupational health examination results of the two groups were compared and analyzed.Results The WBC count of the exposure group was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05),while the abnormality rates of ocular lens,ECG,liver function,and thyroid function were significantly higher in the exposure group than in the control group(P<0.05).In the exposure group,the abnormality rate of liver function was lower in females than in males,and the abnormality rate of hemoglobin level was higher in females than in males(P<0.01).The abnormality rate of ocular lens increased with age(P<0.01).The abnormality rate of hemoglobin level was different among different age groups(P<0.01).The abnormality rate of ocular lens increased with increasing years of service.The abnormality rates of RBC count and hemoglobin level in the general radiotherapy group were higher than those in the interventional radiotherapy group(P<0.01).Sex was the influencing factor for abnormal liver function(P<0.01).Conclusion Prolonged exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation can adversely affect the health of radiation workers in medical institutions.