从人机交互到人机共协计算——人机关系的思想演化和未来展望

Paradigm shift:From human-computer interaction to human-engaged computing

作为跨学科领域,人机交互已成为推动信息时代发展、将计算技术惠及大众的重要动力。在回顾当下人机交互领域进展的同时,探寻技术背后的思想演化路径,尝试阐述一个更为宏观地看待人机关系和未来创新的哲学认识,其中包括:简述人机交互的定位和贡献;从人机交互的历史分析当下技术现象的演化过程;通过理解人机之间的相克问题,提出“人机共协计算”理论,讨论人与技术的理想关系。基于以上认识,从学术思想、研究教育、人类社会影响、信息传播和产品技术5个方面提出建议,以期为未来人机交互和相关信息技术的发展提供一些方向性启发。

As a broadly interdisciplinary field,Human-Computer Interaction(HCI)has become a significant driving force in advancing the development of the information age and bringing computing technologies to the public for everyone to use.This article reviews key topics in the field of HCI until now,and it also explores the evolutionary path of ideas behind the technologies,presenting a more macroscopic philosophical understanding of human-computer relationship and future innovation in the human context.The article is divided into four parts:(1)It briefly describes the position and contributions of HCI:(2)It analyzes the evolution of current technological phenomena from the history of HCl;(3)By understanding the antibiosis issues between humans and computers,the article also applies"Human-Engaged Computing"theory to a discussion about the ideal relationship between humans and technology;(4)Based on the above,we also present suggestions for future development from five aspects:academic thought,research and education,societal impacts,information dissemination,and technology design.