机器人辅助技术在整复外科的应用进展

Advances in the application of robot-assisted technology in plastic surgery

机器人手术已经发展成为一个独立的外科领域,在整形外科有巨大的发展潜力。近十年,手术机器人越来越多地应用于颅颌面外科、修复重建外科、显微外科、毛发修复等领域。机器人手术的技术优势,如三维可视化图像、高倍放大、生理震颤过滤和运动缩放,被认为是传统微创手术的改进。外科医生在术中的人体工程学、手术仪器精确度和患者术后恢复情况都得到了客观改善。然而,专用的仪器和设备、较高的成本和缺乏触觉反馈是目前机器人技术广泛应用的主要限制因素。该文综述了近年来机器人技术在整复外科的发展、应用及优缺点,并总结了该领域与人工智能、现实增强技术、5G等新技术结合的可能性。

Robotic surgery has evolved to be a separate field,with enormous potential for future development in plastic surgery.In the past decade,surgical robots have been increasingly used in the areas of craniomaxillofacial surgery,reconstructive surgery,microsurgery,hair reconstructive surgery,and so on.Technical advantages of robotic surgery,such as 3D vision,stable and magnified image,physiologic tremor filtering,and motion scaling,have been considered as improvement over traditional minimally invasive surgery.Surgeon ergonomics,instrument precision and patients’postoperative recovery were all objectively improved.However,specialized instruments and equipment,high cost,and lack of haptic feedback are the main limiting factors for the widespread adoption of robotics at present.This review summarizes the development of the robot-assisted techniques,including its outcomes,advantages and disadvantages in plastic surgery in recent years.Finally,the possibilities of combining surgical robots with artificial intelligence(AI),augmented reality(AR),5G and other new technologies are also summarized.