缺血性脑卒中患者衰弱与颈动脉斑块稳定性的相关性研究

Correlation between frailty and carotid plaque stability in patients with ischemic stroke

目的探讨缺血性脑卒中患者衰弱与颈动脉斑块稳定性的关系。方法本研究为横断面研究。采用便利抽样法,选取2023年5—12月在济宁医学院附属医院神经内科治疗并行颈动脉彩色多普勒超声检查的360例缺血性脑卒中患者为研究对象。采用一般资料调查问卷、Barthel指数、Edmonton衰弱量表对患者进行调查,通过颈动脉彩色多普勒超声检查评价患者的颈动脉斑块稳定性,并使用多因素Logistic回归分析探讨衰弱与颈动脉斑块稳定性的关系。结果本研究共发放问卷360份,回收有效问卷352份,有效回收率为97.78%。352例缺血性脑卒中患者衰弱发生率为44.89%(158/352)。多因素分析结果显示,与稳定斑块相比,颈动脉不稳定斑块是缺血性脑卒中患者发生衰弱的独立危险因素(OR=2.127,95%置信区间:1.247~3.626)。结论相较于稳定斑块,颈动脉不稳定斑块增加缺血性脑卒中患者衰弱的发生风险,护理人员加强对缺血性脑卒中患者颈动脉斑块的评估可早期识别衰弱高风险人群,应针对此人群及时开展个体化干预,从而减少患者不良健康事件的发生。

Objective To explore the correlation between frailty and carotid plaque stability in patients with ischemic stroke.Methods This study was a cross-sectional study.From May to December 2023,convenience sampling was used to select 360 patients with ischemic stroke in the Department of Neurology of Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University and underwent carotid artery color Doppler ultrasound examination as the study subject.Patients were surveyed using the General Information Questionnaire,Barthel Index and the Edmonton Frail Scale.Carotid artery color Doppler ultrasound was used to evaluate the stability of carotid plaques in patients.Multivariate Logistic regression was used to explore the correlation between frailty and carotid plaque stability.Results A total of 360 questionnaires were distributed,and 352 valid questionnaires were collected,with a valid response rate of 97.78%.The incidence of frailty in 352 ischemic stroke patients was 44.89%(158/352).Multivariate analysis showed that compared to stable plaques,unstable carotid plaques were an independent risk factor for frailty in patients with ischemic stroke(OR=2.127,95%confidence interval:1.247-3.626).Conclusions Compared to stable plaques,unstable carotid plaques increase the risk of frailty in patients with ischemic stroke.Strengthening the assessment of carotid plaques in patients with ischemic stroke by nursing staff can early identify high-risk individuals for frailty,and timely carry out personalized interventions,thereby reducing the occurrence of adverse health events in patients.