数据要素市场化配置对数实融合的影响研究——基于数据交易平台设立的准自然实验

Research on the Influence of Market-based Allocation of Data Elements on the Integration of Digital Economy and Real Economy:A Quasi-natural Experiment Based on a Data Trading Platform

数字经济与实体经济深度融合将推动全国统一大市场建设和双循环新发展格局的构建,成为经济增长的新动能。基于数据交易平台设立的准自然实验,采用耦合评价模型测度2010—2021年全国280个地级市的数字经济与实体经济融合水平,以多期双重差分法实证检验以数据交易平台设立为表征的数据要素市场化配置对数实融合的影响。研究发现:数据要素市场化配置显著促进了数字经济与实体经济的融合,该结论经一系列稳健性检验依旧成立;机制分析表明,数据要素市场化配置通过成本效应、要素配置效应、技术创新效应等路径影响数字经济与实体经济的融合;异质性分析表明,数据要素市场化配置对数实融合的提升效应在产权保护程度较高、行政等级较高及市场化程度较高的城市表现更为明显;拓展性分析发现,数据要素市场化配置对数字经济与实体经济融合的影响存在空间溢出效应。因而应加强数据交易平台建设,多维度探索数实融合路径,挖掘试点政策潜力,加强区域主体的交流协作,优化数据要素市场化配置,更好推动数字经济与实体经济的融合发展。

The deep integration of the digital economy and the real economy will promote the construction of a unified large market across the country,promote the construction of a new dual-cycle development pattern,and become a new driving force for economic growth.Based on the quasi-natural experiment of data trading platform establishment,the coupling evaluation model was used to measure the integration level of digital economy and real economy in 280 prefecture-level cities in China from 2010 to 2021,and the multistage differential method was used to empirically test the impact of the market-based allocation of data elements characterized by the establishment of data trading platform on the log-real integration.The findings are as follows:firstly,market-based allocation of data elements significantly promotes the integration of digital economy and real economy,and this conclusion is still valid after a series of robustness tests.Mechanism analysis shows that market-based allocation of data factors affects the integration of digital economy and real economy through cost effect,factor allocation effect and technological innovation effect.The enhancement effect of log-real integration of market-based allocation of data elements is more significant for cities with higher property rights protection,higher administrative level and higher marketization degree.The expansion analysis finds that there is a spatial spillover effect of market-based allocation of data elements on the integration of digital economy and real economy.Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen the construction of data trading platforms,explore multi-dimensional integration paths,tap the potential of pilot policies,strengthen exchanges and cooperation among regional subjects,optimize the market-oriented allocation of data elements,and better promote the integrated development of digital economy and real economy.