具有谐波抑制功能的多极化微带天线阵设计

Design of Multi-Polarization Microstrip Antenna Array with Harmonic Suppression

本文提出了一种基于切换馈电网络的极化可重构微带天线阵。阵列单元采用正方形辐射贴片,利用微带线缝隙耦合进行馈电,通过在馈电结构中心加载短路柱,可获得宽带性能的同时,有效抑制偶次谐波。综合采用串联组阵和并联组阵技术,优化设计了一款2×2的天线阵列,将阵列端口分别与微带分支线耦合器及微带混合环相连,最终实现了水平和垂直线极化,左旋和右旋圆极化四种模式的切换。实验结果表明,所提出的天线在ISM频段2.4~2.5 GHz频率范围内获得了良好的匹配和多极化特性。该天线阵设计简单、易于操作,可潜在应用于无线通信系统中天线极化分集的场合。

This article proposes a polarization reconfigurable antenna array based on switching feeding network.The antenna element adopts a square radiation patch,which is fed by microstrip line slot coupling.By loading a shortcircuit column in the center of the feeding structure,the broadband performance can be achieved while effectively suppressing the even harmonics.A 2×2 antenna array is optimized and designed by using a technique of series array and parallel array.Two ports of the array are connected to a microstrip branch-line coupler and a microstrip hybrid ring respectively,ultimately enabling the switching among four modes:horizontal and vertical linear polarization,left-handed and right-handed circular polarization.The experimental results show that the proposed antenna exhibits good matching characteristics and multi-polarization capabilities within the 2.4~2.5 GHz frequency range of the ISM band.With the simple structure and user-friendly operation,this antenna can be potentially applied to the occasion of antenna polariza-tion diversity in wireless communication systems.