血透长期管感染的影响因素分析

Analysis of Factors Influencing Long-term Tube Infections in Hemodialysis

目的研究带隧道和涤纶套的透析导管(血透长期管)引起的血液透析相关性感染的影响因素。方法回顾性选取2019年1月—2023年2月玉林市第一人民医院收治的76例留置长期管血液透析患者的临床资料,根据是否发生导管相关性感染,将其分为感染组(20例)和非感染组(56例),统计导管相关性感染发生情况、病原菌分布情况,采用多因素Logistic回归分析血透长期管相关性感染的影响因素。结果感染组贫血、低蛋白血症、卫生习惯、导管留置时间、血清白蛋白(Ablumin,ALB)、血红蛋白(Hemoglobin,HB)与非感染组比较,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。贫血、HB<100 g/L、导管留置时间>16个月是长期管感染的危险因素(OR=1.511、5.142、5.724,P均<0.05);卫生习惯良好和ALB≥30 g/L为长期管感染的保护因素(OR=0.174、0.860,P均<0.05)。结论贫血、低蛋白血症、卫生习惯、导管留置时间、HB、ALB是长期管感染的影响因素。

Objective To study the influencing factors of hemodialysis-associated infections caused by dialysis catheters with tunnels and polyester sleeves(hemodialysis long-term tubes).Methods Clinical data of 76 hemodialysis patients with indwelling long-term tubes admitted to Yulin First People′s Hospital from January 2019 to February 2023 were retrospectively selected.Based on the occurrence of catheter-associated infection,they were divided into the infection group(20 cases)and the non-infection group(56 cases).The occurrence of catheter-related infections and the distribution of pathogenic bacteria were analyzed,and the influencing factors of hemodialysis long-term tube-associated infection were analyzed by multifactorial logistic regression.Results In the infection group,anemia,hypoproteinemia,hygienic habits,catheter retention time,hemoglobin(HB),serum albumin(ALB)were compared with the non-infection group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Anemia,HB<100 g/L,and catheter retention time>16 months were risk factors for long-term tube infection(OR=1.511,5.142,5.724,all P<0.05),and good hygiene practices and ALB≥30 g/L were protective factors for long-term tube infection(OR=0.174,0.860,both P<0.05).Conclusion Anemia,hypoproteinemia,hygienic habits,catheter retention time,HB,and ALB were the influencing factors of long-term tube infection.