新格局下中国对外开放的新特征、新任务及取得的新成就

New characteristics,new tasks and new achievements of China’s opening up under the new pattern

在新发展格局下,中国对外开放形成了五个新特征:从引进外资为主转变为“引进来”与“走出去”并重;从扩大出口为主转变为鼓励出口和增加进口并重;从沿海开放为先为主转变为沿海沿边内陆协同开放、整体开放;从货物贸易为主转变为货物贸易和服务贸易共同发展;从融入和适应全球经济治理体系为主,转变为积极参与和引领国际投资和贸易规则的制定和修订。党的二十大确定了中国下一阶段对外开放的五个新任务:以制度型开放为重点,贯通内外循环;以服务贸易和数字贸易为重点,建设贸易强国;以高质量共建“一带一路”,带动全域全方位对外开放;实施“自贸港+自贸试验区+高标准自贸区网络”战略;以“人民币国际化+高质量走出去”深度参与全球产业分工合作。同时,在新发展格局下,中国对外经济出现了三个趋势性、结构性的亮点:出口产品的结构发生了根本性变化,进出口贸易的生产方式发生了根本性变化,引进外资规模逐年增长。

China’s opening up under the new pattern has formed five new characteristics:first,the shift from focusing on bringing in foreign capital to giving equal emphasis to bringing in and going out;the second is to shift from focusing on expanding exports to giving equal emphasis to encouraging exports and increasing imports;the third is to shift from coastal opening first and main to coordinated and overall opening along the coast,along the borders and inland;fourth,the shift from mainly trade in goods to the common development of trade in goods and trade in services;the fifth is to shift from focusing on integrating and adapting to the global economic governance system to actively participating in and even leading the formulation and revision of international investment and trade rules.The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China identified five new tasks for China’s next stage of opening up:first,focus on institutional opening and connect internal and external circulation;the second is to focus on service trade and digital trade to build a strong trade country;the third is to jointly build the“Belt and Road”with high quality and promote all-round opening up;the fourth is to implement the strategy of“free trade port+free trade pilot zone+high-standard free trade zone network”;the fifth is to deeply participate in global industrial division of labor and cooperation with“RMB internationalization+high-quality going global”.Under the new pattern,China’s foreign economy has seen three trends and structural highlights:first,the structure of export products has undergone fundamental changes;second,the production methods of import and export trade have undergone fundamental changes;third,the scale of the introduction of foreign investment has growing year by year.