2021—2023年高考物理试题与《课程标准》一致性研究

Research on the Consistency Between Curriculum Standard and Physics Test of College Entrance Examination from 2021 to 2023

采用SEC模式,对2021—2023年高考物理全国甲卷、乙卷与《课程标准》进行一致性研究。结果表明:6套试卷中的重点知识和主干知识内容与《课程标准》的一致性程度较高,认知水平与《课程标准》的一致性也较高,符合高考这一选拔性考试的特点;试卷内容主题呈现了集中度较高、稳定性较强的特点,注重考查重点和主干知识;试卷整体认知水平与《课程标准》一致性较高,符合学业质量标准要求,但不同模块试题的认知水平与《课程标准》的一致性存在偏差。基于此,建议物理教学严格依据《课程标准》要求,强化必备知识教学,培养学生核心素养;创设丰富的教学情境,聚焦学生物理能力与思维品质;合理设计教学梯度,注重学习进阶发展,提升学业质量水平。

By using SEC model,this paper studies the consistency of the 2021—2023 national college entrance exam(NCEE)physics test A&B and curriculum standard.The results show that the consistency between the key and main knowledge content in 6 test papers and the curriculum standard is slightly higher.Meanwhile,there is also a high level of cognitive consistency between the curriculum standard and test papers,which accords with the characteristics of NCEE.The test presents the characteristics of high concentration,strong stability,and pays attention to the examination of key and main knowledge.The overall cognitive level of the test and the curriculum standard is high,which is in line with academic quality standards,but the different modules are inconsistent.Therefore,it is suggested that physics teaching should strictly follow the requirements of curriculum standard,strengthen the teaching of main knowledge and cultivate students'core literacy;create rich teaching situations and focus on the examination of key and main knowledge;rationally design teaching gradients,pay attention to the development of learning progression,and improve the level of students'academic quality.