创伤中心医疗质量控制指标专家共识

Expert consensus on key indicators for quality control in trauma medicine center

创伤是全世界的重大公共卫生问题,是45岁以下人群第1位的死亡原因,也是我国城乡居民的五大死因之一。创伤救治体系的建设是提高患者生存率的关键,完善的创伤救治体系能够确保患者迅速得到专业医疗救助,创伤中心的建设能够改善创伤救治效果。目前,我国不同地区的创伤救治质量大不相同,对创伤救治的医疗过程采用全面质量管理和对创伤的现场救援、院前急救和院内治疗进行标准化控制,是提高创伤救治能力水平和创伤患者生存率的重要措施。医疗质量控制指标作为医疗全面质量管理的关键因素,其可以引领创伤中心发展的方向。为进一步加强创伤救治的医疗质量管理,规范临床诊疗行为,促进医疗服务的标准化、同质化,国家创伤医学中心医疗质量控制专业委员会结合国内创伤救治现状,对国家卫生健康委员会2018年发布的《关于进一步提升创伤救治能力的通知》中创伤中心医疗质量的16项控制指标进行了细化和更新,制定了新版19项质量控制指标,包含名称、定义、计算方式、意义、质量控制对象等,供各级创伤中心在医疗质量管理工作中使用,为创伤中心的质量控制工作提供可循路径。实施这些质量控制指标能够引导医疗机构对创伤救治的各个环节进行严格监控和评估,并及时解决存在的问题;同时,这些指标可以提升机构内部协作效率,加强相关科室之间的沟通和协作,从而提高创伤救治的效率与水平。

SUMMARY Trauma is recognized globally as a great public health challenge.It stands as the predominant cause of mortality among those under the age of 45 and is also ranked among the top five causes of death for both urban and rural populations within China.This stark reality underscores the critical urgency in establishing an efficient system for trauma care,which is pivotal for substantially enhancing the survival rates of patients.An optimally developed system for trauma care not only guarantees that patients promptly receive professional medical assistance but also facilitates significant improvements in the outcomes of trauma care through the strategic establishment of trauma centers.At present,a considerable variation exists in the quality of trauma care provided across various regions within China.The adoption of comprehensive quality management strategies for the medical processes involved in trauma care,alongside the standardized management of on-site rescue operations,pre-hospital emergency care,and in-hospital treatment protocols,stands as a fundamental approach to boost the capabilities of trauma care and,consequently,the survival rates of trauma patients.Serving as the cornerstone of comprehensive medical quality management,key quality control indicators possess the capacity to steer the development direction of trauma centers.In a concerted effort to further augment the medical quality management of trauma care,standardize clinical diagnosis and treatment methodologies,and advocate for the standardization and ho-mogenization of medical services,the Medical Quality Control Professional Committee of the National Center for Trauma Medicine has undertaken a detailed refinement and update of the 16 key quality control indicators for trauma centers.These were initially put forward in the“Notice on Further Enhancing Trauma Care Capabilities”disseminated by the National Health Commission in 2018.Consequent to this endeavor,a revised set of 19 quality control indicators has been devised.This comprehensive set,inclusive of the indicators’names,definitions,calculation methodologies,significance,and the subjects for quality control,is designed for utilization within the quality management and control operations of trauma centers across various levels.This initiative aims to furnish a concrete and executable roadmap for the quality control endeavors of trauma centers.Through the enactment of these quality control indicators,medical institutions are empowered to conduct more stringent monitoring and evaluative measures across all facets of trauma care.This not only facilitates the prompt identification and rectification of existing challenges but also substantially boosts the efficiency of internal collaboration.It enhances the synergy between different departments,thereby markedly improving the efficiency and quality of trauma care.