超低空飞行器威胁因素评估分析

Evaluation and analysis of threat factors of ultra-low altitude aircraft

随着现代战争的发展,超低空飞行技术在作战中的作用越来越大,但超低空飞行极具难度,稍不注意就会发生飞行事故。因此,本文首先对超低空飞行器威胁因素进行详细分类,一级指标包括气象威胁、遮蔽威胁、安全距离威胁、飞行障碍威胁等;二级指标包括风速、能见度、恶劣天气、居民地、谷地、植被、高压线、通信塔、高大建筑物、飞行距离、敌雷达探测范围、敌火控范围等。通过设计评估流程,对任务区域加载测绘地理数据、气象水文数据、地质环境数据,并建立飞行威胁评估指标体系,同时为每个一二级指标分配权值,基于格网化对各飞行威胁因素进行分析计算,最终评估飞行威胁,实现低空超低空飞行威胁的提示警告及威胁回避,从而为超低空飞行军事化应用提供有益的借鉴。

With the development of modern war,ultra-low altitude flying technology plays an increasingly important role in combat.However,ultra-low altitude flying is extremely difficult,flight accidents can happen if a pilot is not careful.Therefore,this paper first classified the threat factors of ultra-low altitude aircraft in detail.The first-level indicators include meteorological threat,shelter threat,safety distance threat,and flight obstacle threat.The second-level indicators include wind speed,visibility,bad weather,residential areas,valleys,vegetation,high-voltage lines,communication towers,tall buildings,flight distance,enemy radar detection range,enemy fire control range,etc.Through the design and evaluation process,the mission area was loaded with surveying and mapping geographic data,meteorological and hydrological data,and geological environment data,and a flight threat assessment indicator system was established.At the same time,weights were assigned to each primary and secondary indicator,and flight threat factors were analyzed and calculated based on grid.Finally,flight threats were evaluated to realize the warning and threat avoidance of low-altitude and ultra-low-altitude flight threats,which could provide a useful reference for the military application of ultra-low altitude flight.