丛枝菌根真菌介导的矿质元素运输研究进展

Research progress on mineral element transport mediated by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

丛枝菌根真菌(Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AMF)能与绝大多数维管植物形成菌根共生体,建立良好的共生关系。AMF通过调节土壤孔隙度及招募细菌而间接改善植物所在生境,优化土壤营养水平,同时改变植物根系的形态结构,参与植物的众多代谢过程,促进共生植物的生长发育。AMF为植物提供了一条根系难以到达土壤中获取养分的重要菌根途径。本文主要对近几年AMF菌根途径运输矿质营养的研究现状进行总结,归纳了AMF菌丝分泌物招募细菌及运输无机矿物的机理,进一步分析了菌根共生体介导土壤矿质元素转化的过程,最后提出了未来菌根途径运输矿质元素研究的发展方向。

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)can form symbiotic relationships with most vascular plants,establishing a beneficial partnership.By regulating soil porosity and recruiting bacteria,AMF indirectly enhances plant habitats and optimizes soil nutrient levels.Simultaneously,AMF changes the morphological structure of plant roots,participate in numerous plant metabolic processes,and promote the growth and development of symbiotic plants.AMF provide plants with a vital mycorrhizal pathway for nutrient acquisition from soil when direct root absorption is insufficient.The recent research on AMFmediated mineral nutrition transport and the mechanism of AMF mycelium recruiting bacteria and transporting inorganic minerals are summarized.The process of soil mineral element transformation mediated by mycorrhizal symbiosis is further analyzed.The development direction of future research on mycorrhizal transport mineral elements is proposed.