人文经济学溯源:文化引领经济高质量发展的逻辑理路

On the Origins of Humanist Economics:The Logical Pathway of High-Quality Economic Development Led by Culture

现代经济社会的高质量发展,一方面取决于好的正式制度,另一方面还取决于规范人们行为方式选择的非正式制度——文化。文化作为一种非正式制度,对一个地区的经济增长与发展的影响是长期的、全方位的,不同类型的文化通过文化无意识的途径对人的行为方式选择构成基础性的影响,进而达成对区域经济发展的影响。按照是否符合现代市场经济发展需要标准,可将文化划分为创新型文化与保守型文化两大类型,其中创新型文化对人的创新与冒险精神的形成具有正向促进作用,而保守型文化则对人的创新与冒险精神形成具有制约作用。从哲学文化角度出发,可将文化划分为精神文化、制度文化与物质文化三大类型,其中精神文化对经济发展主体的形成、制度文化对市场营商环境的形成与优化、物质文化对文化创意产业的发展均具有内源性的影响,其合力凝聚成为经济增长的内生动力和核心竞争力,构成经济发展软实力,最终文化按照层层递进的方式通过嵌入经济发展主体、客体与内容三大路径,对现代经济施加内源性的影响,推动区域微观生产组织、中观产业结构、宏观经济制度等三大经济体系的变革,进而达成现代经济高质量发展目标。文化作为萌发人文社会科学的内生基因,构成人文经济学研究的出发点与必然归宿。

The high-quality development of the modern economy and society relies not only on robust formal institutions but also on the informal institutions that guide people’s behavioral choices-namely,culture.As an informal institution,culture exerts a long-term and comprehensive influence on the economic growth and development of a region.Different types of culture fundamentally impact human behavioral choices through the pathways of cultural unconsciousness,thereby influencing regional economic development.Cultures can be categorized as either innovative or conservative based on their alignment with the needs of modern market economies.Innovative cultures positively foster people’s creativity and propensity for risk-taking,whereas conservative cultures constrain these characteristics.From the perspective of philosophy,cultures can be classified into three types:spiritual,institutional,and material.Spiritual culture inherently influences the formation of the agents of economic development;institutional culture shapes and enhances the market and business environments;and material culture drives the growth of the cultural and creative industries.Together,these forces constitute the endogenous driving force and core competitiveness of economic growth,embodying the soft power of economic development.Ultimately,culture imparts an endogenous influence on the modern economy through three principal pathways-addressing the subjects,objects,and content of economic development-thereby facilitating the transformation of regional micro-level production organizations,meso-level industrial structures,and macroeconomic systems towards the goal of high-quality economic development.Culture,serving as the endogenous gene that sparks the evolution of the humanist economics,is both the origin and the ultimate destination of research in the field of humanities and economics.