轨道交通牵引系统电磁兼容技术研究及应用

Research and Application of Electromagnetic Compatibility Technology in Railway Traction System

电力电子变流装置的应用显著提升了轨道交通牵引系统的性能,同时也带来了电磁干扰、长线缆振荡过电压、轴承电腐蚀等负面效应。文章聚焦轨道交通应用场景,围绕牵引系统,从整车辐射、车辆与列车检测系统及应答器传输系统的兼容性、低频磁场发射、长线缆过电压、电机轴承电腐蚀五个方面介绍了电磁兼容问题的机理、国内外标准,并从软硬件方面介绍了管控措施。指出基于标准、经验和模型,有针对性地开展电磁兼容建模、仿真、分析和抑制是实现轨道交通系统电磁兼容性的重要手段。路网车大系统及跨国运行车辆的电磁兼容设计、宽禁带半导体器件应用等,是未来轨道交通电磁兼容设计面临的挑战。

The application of the power electronic converter significantly improves the performance of the railway traction system,while resulting in a series of negative effects,such as electromagnetic interference,oscillating over-voltage related to long cables,and bearing electro-corrosion.Focused on railway traction system,this paper introduces the basic principle,domestic and overseas product standards,and the software-and hardwarebased solutions in the following five aspects:radiation emission from the whole vehicle,compatibility with the train detection system and the balise transmission system,low-frequency magnetic radiation emission,overvoltage related to long cable,and bearing electro-corrosion of the motor.In order to achieve the electromagnetic compatibility within the railway system,modeling,simulation,analysis,and suppression based on standard,experience,and model,are essential.Electromagnetic compatibility of large system involving rail,grid,and vehicle,and of vehicle operating across different nations,and the application of wide band-gap semiconductor device,are future challenge to the electromagnetic compatibility design of the railway system.