能源系统低碳转型背景下的混合电力市场体系结构与设计

Architecture and Design of Hybrid Electricity Market System Under Background of Low-carbon Transformation of Energy System

能源系统低碳转型的背景下,各国电力市场的运行面临多方面的政策边界,为解决政府如何干预市场以实现多维目标的问题,在以两阶段市场竞争理论为核心的混合电力市场的基础上,结合电力市场体系中政府与市场的驱动关系,对混合电力市场展开进一步研究。首先,对传统电力市场的均衡原理和面临的挑战进行了深入分析,并对电力市场中政府干预市场的原因进行分类讨论,包括外部性、市场体系不完善、市场机制不完善、市场竞争不完美等。然后,结合两阶段市场竞争理论对混合电力市场基本结构的意义和面临的挑战进行讨论。在此基础上,提出了包括短期和长期、市场和政府的两维四模块的混合电力市场扩展结构,并对其设计的关键步骤和内容进行了分析。最后,结合中国电力市场建设存在的问题,对混合电力市场中政府干预方式的设计进行了讨论。

In the context of the low-carbon transformation of the energy system,the operation of electricity markets in various countries faces multiple policy boundaries.To solve the problem of how governments should intervene in markets to achieve multiple objectives,further research on hybrid electricity markets is conducted based on the two-stage market competition theory,combined with the driving relationship between government and market in the electricity market system.First,the equilibrium principles and challenges of traditional electricity markets are deeply analyzed,and the reasons for government intervention in electricity markets are classified and discussed,including externalities,imperfection in the market system,imperfection in market mechanisms,and imperfection in market competition.Then,the significance and challenges of the basic structure of hybrid electricity markets based on the two-stage market competition theory are discussed.On this basis,a two-dimensional four-module hybrid electricity market extension structure is proposed,which includes short-term and long-term,market and government.And the key steps and contents of its design are analyzed.Finally,the design of government intervention methods in hybrid electricity markets is discussed based on the problems existing in China’s electricity market construction.