施肥对梨园土壤团聚体中有机碳和土壤养分的影响

Effects of Fertilization on Organic Carbon and Nutrients in Soil Aggregates in Pear Orchards

本试验以库尔勒市阿瓦提乡梨园土壤为研究对象,设置不施肥(CK)、单施无机肥(H)、无机肥+生物有机肥配施(HS)、单施生物有机肥(S)4个处理,研究不同施肥模式对梨园0~60 cm土层土壤各粒级团聚体有机碳和全量养分含量的影响。结果表明:(1)0~20 cm土层中HS处理下有机碳含量在<0.053 mm团聚体中最高,较其他处理提高6.02%~37.22%;20~40 cm土层中,4个处理的有机碳含量在<0.053 mm团聚体中均高于其他粒级,其中HS处理较CK、H、S分别显著提高18.60%、67.74%、53.91%。(2)0~20 cm土层中,S处理下全氮含量在>2 mm团聚体中最高,为0.39 g/kg,CK和H处理的全氮含量在<0.053 mm团聚体中较高,明显高于其他处理;20~40、40~60 cm土层,HS处理下全氮含量在<0.053 mm团聚体中最高,分别为0.25 g/kg和0.18 g/kg。(3)不同施肥处理下全磷含量均在<0.053 mm团聚体中最高,且随着土层加深而减少,但处理间基本无显著差异。(4)0~20 cm土层中,各施肥处理全钾含量在<0.053 mm团聚体中均较高,随着土层加深,HS处理全钾含量在>2 mm团聚体中较高,20~40 cm和40~60 cm土层分别较CK提高66.54%和20.34%。综上,无机肥配施生物有机肥提高梨园土壤团聚体有机碳含量和全量养分含量,改善梨园土壤养分状况,该结论可为库尔勒梨园科学施肥提供参考依据。

This experiment took the soil samples from pear orchards in Awati Township of Korla City as research object.Four treatments were set as no fertilization(CK),single application of inorganic fertilizer(H),inorganic fertilizer combined with biological organic fertilizer(HS)and single application of biological organic fertilizer(S).The effects of different fertilization patterns on the organic carbon and total nutrient con-tents of aggregates in 0~60-cm soil layer in the pear orchards were studied.The results were as follows.(1)The organic carbon content was the highest in<0.053-mm aggregates in 0~20-cm soil layer under HS treat-ment,which was 6.02%~37.22%higher than that of the other treatments.In 20~40-cm soil layer,the organ-ic carbon content in the 4 treatments were higher in<0.053-mm aggregates than that in other size aggregates,among which,that of HS treatment increased by 18.60%,67.74%and 53.91%compared with CK,H and S treatments,respectively.(2)In 0~20-cm soil layer,the total nitrogen content was the highest as 0.39 g/kg in>2-mm aggregates under S treatment,and was higher in<0.053-mm aggregtes under CK and H treatments,which was obviously higher than that of the other treatments.In 20~40-cm and 40~60-cm soil layers,the total nitrogen content was the highest in<0.053-mm aggregates under HS treatment,which were 0.25 g/kg and 0.18 g/kg,respectively.(3)Total phosphorus content was the highest in<0.053-mm aggregates under differ-ent fertilization treatments,and decreased with the increase of soil depth.There were no significant differences among the treatments.(4)In 0~20-cm soil layer,the total potassium content of all the fertilization treatments were higher in<0.053-mm aggregates,it was higher in>2-mm aggregates under HS treatment with increasing of soil depth,and increased by 66.54%and 20.34%respectively in 20~40-cm and 40~60-cm soil layers compared with CK.Above all,the treatment of inorganic fertilizer combined with biological organic fertilizer increased the organic carbon and total nutrient contents of soil aggregates,improved the soil nutrient condition of pear orchards,which could provide references for scientific fertilization in Korla pear orchards.