检察环境公益诉讼实践现存问题及其对策——以S省D县检察院为样本

On the Existing Problems in the Practice of ProcuratorialEnvironmental Public Interest litigation and Their Countermeasures——Taking the D County in S Province as a Sample

《民事诉讼法》和《行政诉讼法》的出台建立了我国现行的检察环境公益诉讼制度。以S省D县检察院开展的检察环境公益诉讼为出发点,从微观角度分析其在司法实践中存在的证据线索获取困难、诉讼管辖混乱、环境污染造成的损失难以确定、惩罚性赔偿金难以管理等问题。为解决这些问题,更好建设检察环境公益诉讼制度,未来应当加强检察院与行政机关、公民的联动衔接,多途径收集线索;探索建立检察院内部跨区域合作机制,减少在异地管辖、集中管辖背景下程序衔接不畅的问题;引入专业组织和专家辅助人对环境污染定损,并提供相应修复建议;明晰公益诉讼案涉赔偿金的使用和管理制度,由省级以上检察院建立环境损害赔偿基金会。

The promulgation of The Civil Procedure Law and The Administrative Procedure Law establishes China s current procuratorial environmental public interest litigation system.Taking the procuratorial environmental public interest litigation conducted by the D county of S province as the starting point,the authors,from a micro perspective,analyze the problems existing in judicial practice such as difficulties in obtaining evidence clues,confusion in litigation jurisdiction and difficulty in managing punitive damages.In order to solve these problems and better build the procuratorial environmental public interest litigation system,we should strengthen the linkage between procuratorates,administrative organs and citizens to collect clues in multiple ways in the future.We should explore the establishment of cross-regional cooperation mechanisms within procuratorates to reduce the problems of poor procedural cohesion in the context of remote jurisdiction and centralized jurisdiction.We should also introduce professional organizations and expert assistants to assess the damage of environmental pollution,and provide corresponding repair suggestions.In addition,we should clarify the system for the use and management of compensation funds involved in public interest litigation,and an environmental damage compensation fund should be established by procuratorates at or above the provincial level.