鸡粪和鹿粪发酵料栽培金顶侧耳过程中微生物群落结构的研究

Study on the microbial community structure of Pleurotus citrinopileatus cultivated with chicken manure and deer manure fermentation materials during the cultivation process

为了探究添加鹿粪和鸡粪发酵料对金顶侧耳栽培过程中培养料微生物多样性及群落结构的影响,利用MiSeq高通量测序技术对金顶侧耳栽培料预湿阶段、发酵阶段、菌丝定植阶段、子实体形成阶段的细菌和真菌群落进行了分析.结果表明:12个培养料中可变区的遗传物质在97%的相似度水平下,细菌和真菌分别产生24483和1324个有效的OTU,不同粪肥处理的细菌和真菌群落间的Alpha多样性不存在显著差异.识别出具有秸秆降解功能的纤维菌属、鞘氨醇杆菌属等细菌和单端孢属和嗜热镰刀菌属等真菌.细菌群落在鹿粪和鸡粪处理的培养料中存在差异显著的标记物,而在鸡粪鹿粪混合组未发现差异显著的标记物.培养料中的真菌主要参与基质的降解作用,而培养料中的细菌在秸秆降解、菌丝生长、子实体形成过程中均发挥重要作用.鸡粪发酵料和鸡粪鹿粪混合发酵料中细菌和真菌的种类和其丰度对于秸秆降解和菌丝生长的作用要强于鹿粪发酵料.

In order to explore the effects of adding deer manure and chicken manure on the microbial diversity and community structure of Pleurotus citrinopileatus during the cultivation of Pleurotus citrinopileatus with Pleurotus citrinopileatus fermented feed,the bacterial and fungal communities in the pre-wetting stage,fermentation stage,mycelium colonization stage and fruiting body formation stage of Pleurotus citrinopileatus were analyzed by MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology.The results showed that 24483 and 1324 effective OTU were produced by bacteria and fungi,respectively,at the 97%similarity level of the genetic material in the variable region of the 12 composts.There was no significant difference in alpha diversity between bacterial and fungal communities under different manure treatments.Bacterial genera such as Fibrobacter,Sphingomonas,and fungal genera such as Trichosporon and Thermophilic Fusarium with straw degradation function were identified.There were significantly different markers in the bacterial community in the culture of deer manure and chicken manure treatment,but no significantly different markers were found in the mixed group of chicken manure and deer manure.The results showed that the substrate fungi were mainly involved in the degradation of the substrate,and the bacteria of the substrate played an important role in the process of straw degradation,mycelial growth and fruiting body formation.The species and abundance of bacteria and fungi in chicken manure fermentation material and chicken manure and deer manure mixed fermentation material had stronger effects on straw degradation and mycelial growth than deer manure fermentation material.The results revealed the changes of microbial diversity and community structure during the cultivation of Pleurotus citrinopileatus fermented material,which provided a theoretical basis for analyzing the cultivation mechanism of Pleurotus citrinopileatus fermented material.