硫化砷渣稳定固化及资源化利用研究进展

Research progress of stable solidification and resource utilization of arsenic sulfide slag

有色金属冶炼过程产出的硫化砷渣稳定性差,处置不当将造成极大的安全隐患,其稳定固化及资源化利用是有色金属行业可持续发展亟待解决的难题。目前,硫化砷渣的处置主要有两种途径,一种是将其进行无害化处理以减小其毒性和环境风险,使硫化砷中的砷以砷酸铁、砷酸钙等形式固化堆存;另一种是进行资源化利用,将砷转化为高纯金属砷、合金材料等产品,并综合回收硫化砷渣中的其他有价金属,达到污染治理和综合利用的双重目的,符合可持续发展的理念。本文在阐述硫化砷渣物化特性的基础上,论述了近年来硫化砷渣在稳定固化和资源化利用方面的研究动态,为解决工业生产中砷的安全处置提供思路。此外,结合近年来的硫化砷渣处理工艺,对未来砷的治理和砷的清洁回收利用技术进行了展望。

The stability of arsenic sulphide slag produced in non-ferrous metal smelting process is poor,and improper disposal will cause great hidden dangers.Its stable solidification and resource utilization are urgent problems to be solved for the sustainable development of non-ferrous metal industry.At present,there are two main ways to dispose of arsenic sulphide slag,one is to treat it innocuously to reduce its toxicity and environmental risks,so that the arsenic in arsenic sulfide is solidified and stockpiled in the form of ferric arsenate,calcium arsenate,etc.The other is to carry out resource utilization,convert arsenic into high-purity metal arsenic,alloy materials and other products,and comprehensively recover other valuable metals in arsenic sulphide slag to achieve the dual purpose of pollution control and comprehensive utilization,which is in line with the concept of sustainable development.In this paper,on the basis of describing the physicochemical characteristics of arsenic sulphide slag,it discussed the current research dynamics in stable solidification and resource utilization,in order to provide ideas for the safe disposal of arsenic in industrial production.In addition,combined with the treatment process of arsenic sulphide slag in recent years,the technologies of arsenic treatment and arsenic clean recycling technology in the future were prospected.