阿片类药物全球滥用的监管现状及研究进展

Supervision status and research progress of global abuse of opioids

目的梳理阿片类药物全球滥用的监管现状及研究进展,为促进药物合理使用,改善滥用者治疗提出建议。方法系统检索中国知网、万方数据、PubMed、国际麻醉品管制局、联合国毒品和犯罪问题办公室等网站有关文件,对纳入文献进行汇总和分析。结果当前国际阿片类药物滥用情况仍不容乐观,目前以国际麻醉品管制局为首的国际机构从政策立法、区域合作、生产交易、预防治疗四个维度提出有效建议并启动了相关行动,同时研究者也从政策、预测滥用风险、滥用者治疗等不同维度开展了相关研究。结论目前阿片类药物的监管措施及研究无法满足当下阿片类药物的监管需求,未来仍需从加强药物有效监管、预测药物滥用风险、改善成瘾治疗方案等方面深入研究,进一步改善阿片类药物滥用现状。

Objective To sort out the supervision status and research progress of global opioids abuse,and to promote the rational use of drugs and improve the treatment of abusers.Methods The related literature and documents from CNKI,Wanfang Data,PubMed,International Narcotics Control Board,United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime were searched and analysed.Result At present,the situation of global opioids abuse is still not optimistic.International institutions led by the INCB have put forward effective recommendations and launched relevant actions from four dimensions:policy legislation,regional cooperation,production transactions and prevention and treatment.In addition,researchers have also carried out relevant studies from different dimensions,such as related policies,abuse risk prediction,and treatment of abusers.Conclusion Current opioid supervision and research cannot meet the current needs of opioids regulation.In the future,in-depth research is still needed from the aspects of strengthening effective drug regulation,predicting drug abuse risk,improving addiction treatment programs,etc.,to further improve the current situation of opioid abuse.