不同矮化中间砧对苹果叶片光合特性的影响

Effects of Different Dwarfing Interanvils on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Apple Leaves

为了探讨不同矮化中间砧对苹果叶片光合特性的影响,以山定子为基砧,以Mark、M26、M9、CG80为中间砧,嫁接寒富苹果,以同龄砧的山定子嫁接寒富为对照组,试验起止于2021年1月至2022年的8月。每个中间砧处理组共15株,每组3个重复,每个重复5株,试验结束后测定每个中间砧小组的叶片光合特性。结果发现,净光合速率以M26和M9的最高,显著高于Mark和CG80(P<0.05),极显著的高于对照组(P<0.01);气孔导度以M26和M9最低,及显著的低于对照组,显著的低于Mark和CG80(P<0.05);胞间CO_(2)浓度以Mark、M26和M9最低,极显著低于对照组(P<0.01),显著低于CG80(P<0.05);蒸腾速率M26最低,其次为M9,极显著的低于对照组(P<0.01),显著低于Mark和CG80(P<0.05);水分利用效率以M26最高,其次为M9,极显著的高于对照组(P<0.01),显著高于Mark和CG80(P<0.05);M26和M9的比叶重、叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素a+b均极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),显著高于Mark和CG80(P<0.05);叶绿素a/b M26和M9显著高于Mark、CG80和对照组(P<0.05);类胡萝卜素矮化中间砧处理组显著高于对照组(P<0.05),以M26和M9最高。说明以M26和M9矮化中间砧在提高苹果叶片的光合作用上效果最优。

In order to investigate the effects of different dwarfing interanvils on the photosynthetic characteristics of apple leaves,the experiment was conducted from January 2021 to August 2022 with Shandingzi as the base anvil,Mark,M26,M9,CG80 as the interanvil,and Shandingzi grafted Hanfu as the control group.There were 15 plants in each intermediate anvil group with 3 replicates per group and 5 plants per replicate.The photosynthetic characteristics of leaves in each intermediate anvil group were measured after the experiment.The results showed that the net photosynthetic rate of M26 and M9 was the highest,which was significantly higher than that of Mark and CG80(P<0.05),and extremely significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.01).The stomatal conductance of M26 and M9 was the lowest,and significantly lower than that of control group,and significantly lower than that of Mark and CG80(P<0.05).The intercellular CO_(2)concentration in Mark,M26 and M9 was the lowest,which was significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.01),and significantly lower than that in CG80(P<0.05).The transpiration rate of M26 was the lowest,followed by M9,which was significantly lower than that of control group(P<0.01),and significantly lower than that of Mark and CG80(P<0.05).Water use efficiency(WUE)in M26 was the highest,followed by M9,which was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.01),and significantly higher than that in Mark and CG80(P<0.05).The specific leaf weight,chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and chlorophyll a+b of M26 and M9 were significantly higher than those of control group(P<0.01),and significantly higher than those of Mark and CG80(P<0.05).Chlorophyll a/b M26 and M9 were significantly higher than those in Mark,CG80 and control group(P<0.05).Carotenoid dwarfing interanvil treatment group was significantly higher than control group(P<0.05),and M26 and M9 had the highest values.The results indicated that M26 and M9 dwarfing interanvils had the best effect on improving the photosynthesis of apple leaves.