充满张力的诗学观念——铁崖体与相关诗体的再考察

A Poetic Concept of Tension:Re-study of the Tieya Style and other Related Poetry Styles

由于身处江湖而心系台阁的扭曲心态,杨维桢的诗学观念充满了多重的矛盾组合。这包括乐府诗创作中追求比兴讽喻的宗旨与崇尚诡诞怪奇体貌的奇特组合,诗学观念中倡导“情性之正”与坚持“人各有情性”之间的复杂纠葛,以及诗文体貌上“铁体”与“纤体”的两极式呈现。从总体上讲,以乐府诗创作为主体的“铁体”与以竹枝体、嬉春体及香奁体创作为主的“纤体”之间存在着巨大的审美品格差异,从而使杨维桢的诗学观念既内涵丰富又充满张力,并在后世评价中引起了极大的争议。

The poetics of Yang Weizhen杨维桢,influenced by the twisted mentality of being frustrated for his talents,is a combination of multiple contradictions:the contradiction between the pursuit of Bixing比兴and allegory and advocating a grotesque poetic style in the creation of Yuefu乐府,the entanglement between the generality and individuality of disposition in poetry concepts,and the opposition between the Tieya Style铁崖体and the Xian Style纤体in the poetic style.Generally speaking,there is a huge aesthetic difference between the Tieya Style based on Yuefu and the Xian Style based on styles of Zhuzhi竹枝,Xichun嬉春and Xianglian香奁.As a result,Yang Weizhen’s poetics is rich in connotation and full of tension,causing controversies in the evaluation in the aftertime.