上下同欲者胜:开放式创新生态网络结构对价值共创影响机理

Success comes to those who share in one purpose:Influence mechanism of open innovation ecological network structure on value co-creation

随着市场竞争日趋激烈,创新主体的组织形态发生了重要变化,开放式创新生态系统范式顺应而生.由此,本研究基于将生态系统概化为隶属关系的观点,探讨生态网络结构对开放式创新生态系统价值共创的影响机理及其情景因素,并通过收集生物医药行业145家上市公司2010年—2018年构成的1305个观测值的平衡面板数据,采用社会网络分析和多元回归等方法对其进行实证检验.研究结果表明:1)生态网络结构的两个维度(生态网络密度和生态网络结构洞)均对价值共创具有显著的正向影响;2)稳定性在生态网络结构的两个维度与价值共创关系之间发挥中介作用;3)生态位宽度和生态位重叠度调节生态网络结构的两个维度与价值共创的关系,且调节效应存在差异;4)生态网络惯例在“生态网络结构洞-稳定性-价值共创”中介路径中发挥正向调节作用;但由于过强的网络规范共识会导致合作伙伴之间的路径依赖,其调节“生态网络密度-稳定性-价值共创”中介路径中的边际效应减弱.本研究不仅完善了开放式创新生态系统价值共创的理论框架,也为企业打造更加持续稳定的开放式创新生态系统提供了理论借鉴.

With the increasingly fierce market competition,the organizational form of innovation entities has undergone important changes and the innovation ecosystem paradigm has emerged.Based on the conceptualization of ecosystems as affiliation relationships,this study discusses the influence mechanism of ecological network structures on value co-creation in the open innovation ecosystems and the impact factors.Moreover,the social network analysis and multiple regression analysis are used to empirically test the conceptual model by collecting balanced panel data from 145 listed companies in the biopharmaceutical industry from 2010 to 2018.The results show that:1)The two dimensions of the ecological network structure(ecological network density and ecological structural holes)have a significant positive effect on value co-creation;2)Stability plays a mediating role in the relationship between the two dimensions of the ecological network structure and value co-creation;3)Niche breadth and overlap moderate the relationship between the two dimensions of the ecological network structure and value co-creation,but the moderating effects are different;4)Ecological network routine plays a positive moderating role in the mediating relationship of“ecological structural holes-stability-value co-creation”,butits moderating marginal effect on the mediating relationship of“ecological network density-stability-value co-creation”is weakened asexcessive consensus on network norms will lead to path dependence among partners.This research not only improves the theoretical framework of the value co-creation in open innovation ecosystems,but also provides theoretical references for companies to build a more sustainable and stable open innovation ecosystem.