人才高地的演化与形成机理研究:基于硅谷、特拉维夫、中关村、筑波的纵向案例分析

Evolution and formation mechanism of talent highlands:A longitudinal case study of Silicon Valley,Tel Aviv,Zhongguancun,and Tsukuba

人才高地是世界重要人才中心和创新高地的战略擎画,也是实施新时代人才强国战略的内在要求。在构建“动因-过程-结果”逻辑框架的基础上,选取硅谷、特拉维夫、中关村、筑波进行纵向多案例研究,探讨人才高地的演化与形成过程。研究发现:(1)人才高地演化过程是由初始阶段、发展阶段、成熟阶段构成,经历了竞争优势驱动、政府干预驱动、价值最优驱动的动态更迭;(2)人才高地形成机理显现为资源聚合机理、资源整合机理、资源耦合机理的有序推进,体现出关键科创人才“开发者→架构者→引领者”的演变趋势;(3)人才高地实现了由低阶到高阶的“点状结构-线状结构-网状结构”的递进演化,表现为自发迭代型生成模式、创业延伸型生成模式、生态拓展型生成模式、科研深耕型生成模式等差异化类型。研究结果是构建了人才高地的演化过程理论模型,挖掘了人才高地的过程、机理和模式,以期为建设人才高地和人才平台提供有益借鉴。

Talents highland is a strategic framework for the world’s important talent center and innovation highland,and also the internal requirements for the implementation of the new era talent power strategy.This study sconstructed a“motivation-process-result”logical framework,elected Silicon Valley,Tel Aviv,Zhongguancun,and Tsukuba for longitudinal multi-case study,and explored the evolution and formation process of talents highland.The research found that:(1)the evolution process of talents highland is composed of initial stage,development stage,and mature stage,and experienced dynamic change driven by competitive advantage,government intervention,and value optimality;(2)the formation mechanism of talents highland is the orderly advancement of resource aggregation mechanism,resource integration mechanism,and resource coupling mechanism,reflecting the evolution trend of key scientific and innovative talents from“developer→architect→leader”;(3)talents highland has realized the progressive evolution of“point structure-linear structure-network structure”from low to high order,and shows differentiated types such as spontaneous iterative generation mode,entrepreneurial extension generation mode,ecological expansion generation mode,and scientific research deep cultivation generation mode.This study constructed the theoretical model of the evolution process of talents highland,and explored the process,mechanism,and mode of talents highland,in order to provide useful reference for the construction of talents highland and talent platform.