治疗糖尿病中成药的用药规律研究

Study on medication regularity of Chinese patent medicine for treating diabetes mellitus

目的 基于数据挖掘技术分析治疗糖尿病中成药的用药规律。方法 收集2020年版《中华人民共和国药典》《中华人民共和国卫生部药品标准中药成方制剂》《新编国家中成药》《国家中成药标准汇编》《新药转正标准》中治疗糖尿病的中成药,筛选并建立数据库,使用中医传承计算平台(V 3.0)进行用药频次统计、中药属性统计、中药功效统计、关联规则分析、聚类分析,探讨组方用药规律。结果 共纳入68个治疗糖尿病的中成药处方,涉及113味中药,使用频次最高的中药包括黄芪、天花粉、生地黄、人参、五味子、麦冬、葛根、山药、茯苓、黄连等。中药药性以寒性最多,药味以甘、苦为主,主要归肺、肾、脾经,药物功效以补虚和清热为主,利水渗湿药和活血化瘀药也占有一定的比例。关联规则分析得到23个最常用药物组合和9味核心药物,聚类分析得到3个潜在新方。结论 治疗糖尿病的中成药处方以益气养阴清热为基本治法,配以利水渗湿、活血化瘀等。

Objective To analyse medication regularity of Chinese patent medicine for treating diabetes mellitus based on data mining.Methods The Chinese patent medicine for treating diabetes mellitus were collected from Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020 edition),Ministry Public Health of the People's Republic of China-Traditional Chinese Medicines Prescription Preparation,Newly Edited National Chinese Traditional Patent Medicines,Compilation of National Standard for Traditional Chinese Medicines,New Drug Conversion Standard.The medicines were screened and database was established.The medicinal frequency statistics,medicinal properties statistics,medicinal efficacies statistics,association rule analysis and cluster analysis were performed by using Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Computer System(V 3.0) to explore the medication regularity.Results A total of 68 Chinese patent medicine prescriptions for treating diabetes mellitus were included,involving 113 medicines among which the most frequently used include Radix Astragali,Radix Trichosanthis,Radix Rehmanniae Recens,Radix Ginseng,Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis,Radix Ophiopogonis,Radix Puerariae,Rhizoma Dioscoreae,Poria,Rhizoma Coptidis and so on.The drug natures were mainly cold and the drug flavours were mainly sweet and bitter.The main channel tropisms were lung,kidney channel,and spleen channel.The main drag efficacies were replenishing deficiency and clearing heat.Drugs for clearing damp and promoting diuresis,activating blood and removing stasis also occupied a certain proportion.Twenty-three most common medicinal combinations and nine core medicines were obtained by association rule analysis and three new potential prescriptions were obtained by cluster analysis.Conclusion Reinforcing qi,nourishing yin,and clearing heat are the basic therapeutic principles of Chinese patent medicine prescription for treating diabetes mellitus,supplemented by clearing damp and promoting diuresis,activating blood and removing stasis.