公共自行车站点车辆库存管理

Vehicle Inventory Management in Public Bicycle Sharing Station

公共自行车系统站点不同初始车辆库存将对服务水平产生重要影响,以站点车辆库存管理为研究主题,从租还车需求引发站点车辆数变化的事件视角,构建以转移次数为随机变量的离散型马尔科夫链,利用极限概率进行极限均衡分析,提出利用数学期望计算初始车辆库存所对应服务损失成本的方法.通过数值分析,从租还车需求平衡度、需求总量、成本系数和站点容量等方面进行灵敏度分析,在初始车辆库存具有优化作用的条件、优化空间特征及相关影响因素的改进作用等方面得到一系列有意义的管理洞察.

In the public bicycle sharing system,different initial vehicle inventory of the station will have different service level for vehicle rent and return.It is a special inventory management problem.From the event perspective,which the changes of the number of bicycles at the station are caused by the demand of bicycle rent and return,the paper creates discrete Markov chain with random transferring number that is based on the minimum of the loss cost of the unsatisfied demand of vehicle rent and return.And it also proposes a method to calculate the loss cost according to initial vehicle inventory by using mathematical expectation.By numerical computation,the paper analyzes the effect of initial vehicle inventory on loss cost from demand balance degree,total demand,cost coefficient of vehicle rent and return,station capacity,and so on.A series of meaningful management insights in terms of the condition of initial vehicle inventory with optimization function,the features of optimization space,and the improvement of other related factors,are concluded.