新时代我国职业本科院校高质量发展的困境与路径——基于对全国35所职业本科试点院校的分析

Difficulties and Paths in the High-quality Development of Vocational Undergraduate Colleges in China in the New Era——Taking 35 Pilot Vocational Undergraduate Colleges as an Example

发展职业本科教育,是彰显职业教育类型特色、推动职业教育高质量发展的关键一环。采用内容分析法对全国35所职业本科试点院校公布的《高等职业教育质量年度报告(2023年)》进行比较分析发现,以民办高职升格为主、地域分布较广、规模稳步提升、类别设置多样是其呈现的主要特点;制度体系逐步形成、招生需求旺盛、专业建设不断优化、产教融合形式多样、就业优势明显是其取得的主要成就;校内制度不完善、对学科重视程度不够、师资建设存在短板、科学研究水平不高、财政投入有待加强是其存在的主要困境。新时代我国职业本科院校高质量发展的突破路径为:完善校内制度体系、积极探索学科建设范式、打造一流师资队伍、加强科学研究、加大办学投入。

Developing vocational undergraduate education is a key link in showcasing the characteristics of vocational education types and promoting high-quality development of vocational education.Using the content analysis method,a comparative analysis was conducted on the“Annual Report on the Quality of Higher Vocational Education(2023)”published by 35 pilot vocational colleges.It was found that the main characteristics presented were the upgrading of private vocational colleges,wide geographical distribution,steady increase in scale,and diverse category settings.The main achievements were the gradual formation of institutional systems,strong enrollment demand,continuous optimization of specialty construction,diverse forms of integration of industry and education,and obvious employment advantages.The main difficulties were the imperfect campus system,insufficient emphasis on disciplines,shortcomings in teacher construction,low level of scientific research,and the need to strengthen financial investment.The breakthrough paths for the high-quality development of vocational undergraduate colleges in China in the new era is to improve the internal institutional system,actively explore disciplinary construction paradigms,build a first-class teaching staff,strengthen scientific research,and increase investment in education.